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Glossary12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

chemical compound used to activate protein kinase C (PKC)

12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, commonly known as TPA, is a chemical compound used in biological research to activate protein kinase C (PKC). It is often employed in studies related to cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, making it a valuable tool for understanding various cellular processes and diseases, including cancer and skin conditions.

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research Protein kinase Cepsilon is linked to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha ectodomain shedding and the development of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in protein kinase Cepsilon transgenic mice.

79 citations , October 2003 in “PubMed”

Overexpression of PKCepsilon leads to increased TNFalpha, promoting metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in mice.

12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate Induces Apoptosis in Renal Epithelial Cells Through a Growth Signal Conflict Prevented by Activated Ras

research 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate Induces Apoptosis in Renal Epithelial Cells through a Growth Signal Conflict Which Is Prevented by Activated ras1

4 citations , January 2001 in “Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics”

Activated ras can protect kidney cells from a certain substance that causes cell death.

research Induction of dark keratinocytes by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate and mezerein as an indicator of tumor-promoting efficiency

77 citations , January 1980 in “Carcinogenesis”

TPA is about 50 times more effective at promoting tumors than MZ.

research Heterogeneity of ornithine decarboxylase expression in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-treated mouse skin and in epidermal tumors

37 citations , January 1986 in “Carcinogenesis”

ODC expression in mouse skin and tumors is varied and can be inhibited by retinoic acid or cycloheximide.

research Induction of ornithine decarboxylase in specific subpopulations of murine epidermal cells following multiple exposures to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, mezerein and ethyl phenylpropriolate

26 citations , January 1992 in “Carcinogenesis”

TPA strongly increases ODC activity in certain skin cells, potentially aiding tumor growth.

research Alterations in the expression of specific epidermal keratin markers in the hairless mouse by the topical application of the tumor promoters 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

12 citations , January 1987 in “Carcinogenesis”

TCDD changes skin cell growth and keratin production in mice.

research The extent of the uptake of plasmid into the skin determines the immune responses induced by a DNA vaccine applied topically onto the skin

11 citations , January 2011 in “Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology”

Better DNA uptake in the skin leads to stronger immune responses.

research Expression of keratins K6 and K16 in regenerating mouse epidermis is less restricted by cell replication than the expression of K1 and K10.

13 citations , July 1994 in “PubMed”

Keratins K6 and K16 are expressed more freely in regenerating mouse skin than K1 and K10.

research Overexpression of insulin-like growth factor-1 induces hyperplasia, dermal abnormalities, and spontaneous tumor formation in transgenic mice

147 citations , April 1997 in “Oncogene”

Overexpressing IGF-1 in mice leads to skin abnormalities and tumors.

research Targeted expression of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase increases susceptibility to chemically induced skin carcinogenesis

54 citations , February 2002 in “Carcinogenesis”

Increasing SSAT makes skin more prone to cancer.

research Promotion of Skin Carcinogenesis by Dimethylarsinic Acid in Keratin (K6)/ODC Transgenic Mice

48 citations , June 2000 in “Japanese Journal of Cancer Research”

Dimethylarsinic acid speeds up skin tumor growth in certain mice.

research Interleukin-1β Is Differentially Expressed by Human Dermal Papilla Cells in Response to PKC Activation and Is a Potent Inhibitor of Human Hair Follicle Growth in Organ Culture

38 citations , March 1997 in “Journal of interferon & cytokine research”

IL-1β inhibits human hair follicle growth.

research Ornithine decarboxylase expression in cutaneous papillomas in SENCAR mice is associated with altered expression of keratins 1 and 10.

33 citations , March 1994 in “PubMed”

High ODC and low K1 and K10 may indicate early skin tumors in mice.

research Conversion of C57Bl/6 mice from a tumor promotion-resistant to a -sensitive phenotype by enhanced ornithine decarboxylase expression

31 citations , September 1999 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis”

Increased ornithine decarboxylase makes normally tumor-resistant mice more sensitive to tumors.

research Hair follicle stem cell proliferation, Akt and Wnt signaling activation in TPA-induced hair regeneration

30 citations , February 2017 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology”

TPA promotes hair growth by increasing stem cell activity and activating specific cell signals.

research Correlation of proteolytic activities of organ cultured intact mouse skin with defined hair cycle stages

28 citations , June 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Proteolytic activity in mouse skin changes with hair cycle stages, peaking in early anagen.

research Suppression of Vitamin D Receptor and Induction of Retinoid X Receptor α Expression During Squamous Differentiation of Cultured Keratinocytes

15 citations , March 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

As skin cells mature, vitamin D receptor levels decrease while retinoid X receptor α levels increase.

research Use of primary keratinocyte cultures from plucked human hairs for analysis of gap junctional intercellular communication

3 citations , January 1991 in “Toxicology in Vitro”

Hair follicle cultures are effective for studying cell communication and testing chemicals.

research Regeneration of Mouse Skin Melanocyte Stem Cells In Vivo and In Vitro

1 citations , January 2018 in “Methods in molecular biology”

The research found ways to activate melanocyte stem cells for potential treatment of skin depigmentation conditions.

research The Roles of the Lrig1- and Lgr6-Positive Stem Cells in the Skin and the Functions of the Molecular Markers That Define Them

January 2014 in “eScholarship (California Digital Library)”

Lrig1 and Lgr6 stem cells help maintain hair follicles and influence skin cancer development.

research Abstract 2559: Targeting mTORC1 may provide selectivity for inhibiting proliferation of hair follicle stem/progenitor cells during tumor promotion

April 2012 in “Cancer research”

Blocking mTORC1 may help prevent skin cancer by stopping the growth of certain skin stem cells.

research Mitogen‐regulated protein/proliferin mRNA induction following single applications of tumor promoters to murine skin

May 2005 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis”

mrp/plf-mRNA can indicate tumor-promoting effects in skin.

research Epidermal cell proliferation and modulation of the protective potency of dexamethasone against phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity

1 citations , January 1989 in “Carcinogenesis”

Dexamethasone reduces inflammation and delays skin cell changes caused by TPA.

research Tumor Promotion in Skin: Are Active Oxygen Species Involved?

10 citations , January 1985 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Active oxygen species might be involved in skin tumor growth, but their exact role is unclear.

research Depletion of Gsdma1/2/3 alleviates PMA-induced epidermal hyperplasia by inhibiting the EGFR–Stat3/Akt pathway

6 citations , December 2023 in “Journal of Molecular Cell Biology”

Removing Gsdma1/2/3 genes reduces skin cell overgrowth by blocking a specific cell pathway.

Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 in a Growth- and Stress-Dependent Fashion

research Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in a Growth- and Stress-dependent Fashion

30 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Keratin 17 is modified by RSK1 in response to growth and stress, affecting skin growth and stress response.

Activator Protein-1 Activity Regulates Epithelial Tumor Cell Identity

research Expression patterns of MITF during human cutaneous embryogenesis: evidence for bulge epithelial expression and persistence of dermal melanoblasts

43 citations , February 2008 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology”

Melanocyte precursors in human fetal skin follow a specific migration pattern and some remain in the skin's deeper layers.