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GlossaryPerifollicular Inflammation

swelling and irritation around hair follicles

Perifollicular inflammation refers to the swelling and irritation that occurs around hair follicles. This condition can lead to hair loss and is often seen in various types of alopecia, such as alopecia areata. It involves immune cells attacking the hair follicles, which can disrupt normal hair growth and cause damage to the follicle structure.

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Evaluation of Perifollicular Inflammation of Donor Area During Hair Transplantation in Androgenetic Alopecia and Its Comparison With Controls

research Evaluation of perifollicular inflammation of donor area during hair transplantation in androgenetic alopecia and its comparison with controls

13 citations , January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology”

Inflammation around hair follicles may worsen hair loss; evaluating and treating it can improve transplant results.

research Perifollicular inflammation and follicular spongiosis in androgenetic alopecia

1 citations , September 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Hair loss in both Androgenetic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata is often accompanied by inflammation around hair follicles, but the location and severity of this inflammation varies.

Perifollicular Inflammation and Fibrosis in Androgenetic Alopecia: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment - A Comparative Histopathologic and Clinical Study with Normal-Appearing Scalp

research Perifollicular Inflammation and Fibrosis in Androgenetic Alopecia: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment - A Comparative Histopathologic and Clinical Study with Normal-Appearing Scalp

January 2026 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)”

Early biopsy and targeting inflammation can improve treatment for hair loss in androgenetic alopecia.

research Perifollicular Inflammation and Fibrosis in Androgenetic Alopecia: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment - A Comparative Histopathologic and Clinical Study with Normal-Appearing Scalp

January 2026 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology”

Early diagnosis and targeted anti-inflammatory treatments can improve outcomes in androgenetic alopecia with perifollicular inflammation and fibrosis.

Stress Inhibits Hair Growth in Mice by Inducing Premature Catagen Development and Harmful Perifollicular Inflammatory Events via Neuropeptide Substance P-Dependent Pathways

research Stress Inhibits Hair Growth in Mice by Induction of Premature Catagen Development and Deleterious Perifollicular Inflammatory Events via Neuropeptide Substance P-Dependent Pathways

194 citations , March 2003 in “American Journal of Pathology”

Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.

research Inflammatory perifollicular fibrosis and alopecia

10 citations , June 1998 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Inflammation around hair follicles leads to hair loss, and treatments should focus on reducing this inflammation and other factors for effectiveness.

research 15460 Perifollicular pink halo: A potential dermoscopic marker of inflammation in central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia

November 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Certain immune markers may predict chemotherapy response in mesothelioma, and nivolumab is a tolerable and effective treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

research 1372 Biological effects of electrical epilation on human hair follicles and perifollicular skin ex vivo

April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Electrical epilation damages hair follicles and surrounding skin, likely preventing hair regrowth.

Parasitic Perifollicular Dermatitis in the Egyptian Lesser Blind Mole Rat (Spalax Leucodon Egyptiacus)

research Parasitic Perifollicular Dermatitis in the Egyptian Lesser Blind Mole Rat (<i>Spalax leucodon egyptiacus</i>)

December 2014 in “Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine”

Ectoparasites cause skin issues in Egyptian lesser blind mole rats, affecting their population.

research Perifollicular Elastolysis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Characteristics, Histopathology, and Therapeutic Outcomes

February 2026 in “Cosmetics”

Perifollicular elastolysis is poorly understood, with limited treatment options and inconsistent results.

research Perifollicular Fibrosis in Androgenetic Alopecia

April 2026 in “Brazilian Journal of Hair Health”

Perifollicular fibrosis hinders hair regrowth in androgenetic alopecia, and new treatments targeting fibrosis are needed.

IL-17 Expression in Perifollicular Fibrosis in Biopsies from Lichen Planopilaris

research IL-17 Expression in the Perifollicular Fibrosis in Biopsies From Lichen Planopilaris

September 2022 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology”

Blocking IL-17 might help treat the hair loss condition Lichen planopilaris.

research Ceria Nanozyme-Integrated Microneedles Reshape the Perifollicular Microenvironment for Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment

38 citations , July 2021 in “ACS Nano”

Microneedles help treat hair loss by improving hair surroundings and promoting growth.

research Apoptosis in follicles of individuals with female pattern hair loss is associated with perifollicular microinflammation

30 citations , May 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

Hair loss in women links to inflammation around hair follicles.

Perifollicular Vascularization: Cocultures and Tricultures Approaches to Study the Cross-Talk Between Microvascular Endothelial Cells, Follicle Papilla Cells, and Keratinocytes

research Perifollicular vascularization: Cocultures and tricultures approaches to study the cross-talk between microvascular endothelial cells, follicle papilla cells and keratinocytes

December 2015 in “Vascular Pharmacology”

Hair papilla cells are crucial for blood vessel development in hair follicles, affecting hair growth and loss.

research A Case of Inflammatory Nonscarring Alopecia Associated With the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Nilotinib

16 citations , March 2013 in “JAMA Dermatology”

A cancer drug called nilotinib might cause hair loss due to inflammation around hair follicles.

research Neurogenic skin inflammation in stress‐triggered inhibition of hair growth in mice is promoted via nerve growth factor‐dependent pathways

September 2004 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Stress increases nerve growth factor, causing hair loss in mice.

research The Inflammatory Aspect of Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss

November 2020 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)”

Inflammation plays a key role in male and female pattern hair loss, and focusing on this could help develop better treatments.

Low-Level Light Therapy Downregulates Scalp Inflammatory Biomarkers in Men With Androgenetic Alopecia and Boosts Minoxidil 2% for Sustainable Hair Regrowth

research Low‐Level Light Therapy Downregulates Scalp Inflammatory Biomarkers in Men With Androgenetic Alopecia and Boosts Minoxidil 2% to Bring a Sustainable Hair Regrowth Activity

4 citations , May 2021 in “Lasers in Surgery and Medicine”

Light therapy reduces scalp inflammation, boosts hair regrowth with Minoxidil 2%.

research Histopathological characterization of inflammatory interparietal involvement in frontal fibrosing alopecia

January 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine”

FFA and FAPD might be related or stages of the same disease.

research Inflammatory Phenomena and Fibrosis in Androgenetic Alopecia

1 citations , January 2010 in “Springer eBooks”

Hair loss in androgenetic alopecia may be due to ongoing tiny inflammation and tissue changes around hair follicles.

research 283 Thermal imaging and trichoscopy for detecting inflammation in frontal fibrosing alopecia

September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Thermal imaging is a useful non-invasive method to diagnose active inflammation in frontal fibrosing alopecia.

research Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Involving the Limbs Shows Inflammatory Pattern on Histology: A Review of 13 Cases

7 citations , August 2019 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology”

Frontal fibrosing alopecia on limbs shows permanent inflammatory hair loss, not typical scarring.

research Histopathologic Evaluation of Alopecias

90 citations , June 2006 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology”

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of different types of hair loss requires careful examination of hair and scalp tissue, considering both clinical and microscopic features.

research Chronological clinicopathological characterization of rapidly progressive alopecia areata resistant to multiple i.v. corticosteroid pulse therapies: An implication for improving the efficacy

8 citations , July 2018 in “The Journal of Dermatology”

Current corticosteroid pulse therapy is not very effective for severe rapidly progressive alopecia areata.

research Substance P in keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans

4 citations , September 2015 in “JAAD case reports”

Substance P may play a role in the inflammation seen in keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans.

Histopathological Findings of Uncomplicated Hair Transplant for Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Can Lichen Planopilaris Features Be Present?

research Histopathological Findings of Uncomplicated Hair Transplant for Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Can Lichen Planopilaris Features Be Present?

1 citations , January 2020 in “Skin appendage disorders”

Hair transplants for male baldness can show inflammation and fibrosis, but more research is needed to confirm LPP presence.

research Localized Acquired Perforating Dermatosis on Scalp Presented With Acute and Diffuse Total Alopecia

January 2026 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Treatment improved scalp conditions and hair loss with no recurrence after 1 year.

A Cross-Sectional Observational Study to Correlate the Trichoscopic Findings of Female Pattern Hair Loss with the Disease Severity and Underlying Histopathological Changes

research A Cross-sectional Observational Study to Correlate the Trichoscopic Findings of Female Pattern Hair Loss with the Disease Severity and Underlying Histopathological Changes

November 2023 in “International Journal of Trichology”

Trichoscopic features help diagnose and assess female pattern hair loss severity, with inflammation playing a key role.

research Treatment of diseases associated with cicatricial alopecia

January 2022 in “Przegla̧d dermatologiczny”

The document concludes that there are various treatments for diseases linked to scarring hair loss, especially for primary scarring alopecia.