July 2026 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” Hair dyes, especially with PPD, can cause skin and rare systemic reactions, and safer alternatives are needed.
An elderly woman developed severe skin discoloration after homeopathic knee injections, but the exact cause is unclear.
52 citations
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November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Different harmful mutations in the CDH3 gene cause HJMD, but symptoms vary among individuals.
25 citations
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December 2008 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports” Skin color may change how alopecia areata looks under a dermoscope.
4 citations
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June 1980 in “American Journal of Clinical Nutrition” Malnutrition can change hair color due to altered copper and zinc levels.
64 citations
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June 2009 in “Photomedicine and Laser Surgery” Excimer light effectively treats various skin diseases, including psoriasis, vitiligo, and mycosis fungoides.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dark skin has stronger barriers and structure due to specific gene activity.
1 citations
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February 2014 in “Italian journal of medicine” An 80-year-old woman with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome had multiple polyps and symptoms like diarrhea, hair loss, nail issues, and dark skin.
8 citations
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January 2017 in “Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology” Pimecrolimus boosts melanin production and movement of skin pigment cells.
July 2022 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Brodalumab is more effective than ustekinumab in treating psoriasis.
18 citations
,
February 2001 in “Der Hautarzt” A woman with myotonic dystrophy had multiple skin tumors on her scalp, suggesting a genetic link.
13 citations
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October 2000 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A 6-year-old boy in India was diagnosed with Bloom's syndrome, showing growth and developmental issues, and skin problems worsened by sunlight.
March 2026 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Hair dye ingredient PPD can cause severe allergic reactions, including facial swelling.
December 2018 in “European Journal of Pediatric Dermatology/PD. European journal of pediatric dermatology” Segmental vitiligo affects hair follicle melanocytes, causing small, uniform depigmented spots.
January 2011 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Two patients had a rare combination of red skin spots and white scaly skin lesions not on the genitals.
February 2022 in “Brazilian Journal of Health Review” Most cases were lichen planus pigmentosus, highlighting the need for accurate diagnosis for proper treatment.
8 citations
,
August 2015 in “Journal of dermatological science” Rhododendrol in skin-whitening products can cause skin depigmentation and immune reactions.
6 citations
,
January 2017 in “International Journal of Dermoscopy” Dermoscopy is useful for early diagnosis and monitoring of nail diseases.
January 2022 in “Przegla̧d dermatologiczny” A man with a mental disorder turned his skin blue-gray by drinking silver to treat warts.
May 2025 in “International Medical Case Reports Journal” Lichen planus pigmentosus may indicate undetected hepatitis C infection.
February 2005 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair color is due to active pigment cells in hair during growth.
Melanocyte transplantation can safely restore skin color, especially in stable vitiligo, but must be chosen carefully based on the disease phase.
144 citations
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December 2017 in “Pigment cell & melanoma research” Melasma is now considered a skin aging disorder caused by sun exposure in people with a genetic tendency, which impacts treatment and prevention approaches.
June 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” A new hair dye method uses polyphenols and oxidation to create a long-lasting brown color on gray hair.
5 citations
,
April 1984 in “Archives of Dermatology” Porphyria cutanea tarda causes skin issues due to an enzyme deficiency.
81 citations
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June 2012 in “European journal of human genetics” Inherited ichthyoses cause widespread skin scaling and thickening due to gene mutations.
25 citations
,
January 2013 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Hair dye colors mainly target melanin granules in black hair.
22 citations
,
January 1985 in “Journal of Human Evolution/Journal of human evolution” Human skin and hair color variation is mainly due to melanin produced by a few genes, with melanin protecting against sun damage.
February 2009 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Both skin products were equally effective in improving facial discoloration and skin quality.
37 citations
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October 2017 in “Advanced drug delivery reviews” The review suggests that there are various treatments to help restore skin color after severe burns.