October 2025 in “Environment International” Exposure to certain chemicals before birth and during childhood may affect puberty timing.
45 citations
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January 2010 in “Forensic science international” Neonatal hair can help determine drug exposure during pregnancy.
54 citations
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March 2012 in “International Journal of Andrology” Prenatal pesticide exposure may cause earlier breast development in girls.
5 citations
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May 2023 in “Science of the total environment” PFAS exposure in adolescence may delay puberty in females.
5 citations
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December 2016 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” EPI-NCSCs from hair follicles may help treat brain development issues in mice.
1 citations
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December 2025 in “Selçuk tıp dergisi/Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi dergisi” Lower 2D:4D finger ratios in HS patients suggest prenatal hormone influence on the disease.
August 2015 in “Han'gug dongmul jawon gwahag hoeji/Han-guk dongmul jawon gwahak hoeji/Journal of animal science and technology” TRα and CRABPII genes change their activity levels during goat fetal skin development.
22 citations
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April 1967 in “Australian Journal of Zoology” Southern elephant seals develop hair follicles and skin layers before birth, with moulting starting a week after birth and finishing in three weeks.
February 2024 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Higher prenatal anxiety is linked to lower cortisol levels in newborns' hair.
October 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Immune cells are essential for early hair and skin development and healing.
26 citations
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November 1993 in “Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry” Treatment during development affects hormone balance and sexual behavior in male rats.
May 2022 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” miR-29a-5p prevents the formation of early hair structures by targeting a gene important for hair growth and is regulated by a complex network involving lncRNA627.1.
3 citations
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August 2000 in “Anatomia Histologia Embryologia” Prenatal retinoic acid exposure did not affect mouse vibrissal follicle development.
25 citations
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November 2020 in “Cell Reports Medicine” Developing human skin has immune cells with memory-like features.
3 citations
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March 2024 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Prenatal and postnatal environments both affect PCOS development and gut microbiota in mice.
October 2022 in “Amplla Editora eBooks” Pre-natal, internal, and external factors may contribute to the development of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
January 2019 in “Cell & developmental biology” 3D cultivation and prenatal stem cell exosomes improve stem cell treatment results, especially for hair loss and age-related issues.
December 2025 in “The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology” Red Sokoto goat fetuses develop firmer, pigmented skin with hair follicles as they grow.
11 citations
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March 2020 in “Immunology” Human prenatal skin develops an immune network early on that helps with skin formation and healing without scarring.
16 citations
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July 2021 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A” Mutations in the LSS gene cause hair loss and may affect brain development, with varying severity.
29 citations
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February 2019 in “Environment international” Higher early lead exposure is linked to delayed puberty in girls.
3 citations
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June 2017 in “Deep Blue (University of Michigan)” Early exposure to fluoride, lead, and certain nutrients affects puberty differently in boys and girls.
44 citations
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May 2012 in “Endocrinology” High levels of androgens during early development may cause PCOS-like symptoms.
32 citations
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February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
9 citations
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July 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Prenatal THC exposure may harm ovarian health and fertility.
February 2024 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Higher anxiety during pregnancy is linked to lower cortisol levels in newborns' hair.
3 citations
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June 2017 in “Environmental health perspectives” Exposure to certain glycol ethers during pregnancy may be linked to lower verbal comprehension in children.
December 2025 in “Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology” Understanding embryologic layers improves skin disorder diagnosis and supports developing targeted therapies.
January 2020 in “Proyecto de investigación:” Longer anogenital distance may indicate a higher chance of having polycystic ovary syndrome, and measuring this distance along with hormone levels could improve diagnosis.
January 2021 in “Deep Blue (University of Michigan)” Androgen receptors in the brain affect metabolism and reproduction differently in males and females, and may help manage PCOS symptoms in females.