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GlossaryTyrosine Kinase

enzyme that transfers phosphate groups to tyrosine on proteins

Tyrosine Kinase (TK) is an enzyme that functions by transferring a phosphate group from ATP to a specific amino acid called tyrosine on a protein. This process, known as phosphorylation, is crucial for regulating various cellular activities, including cell division, growth, and signaling pathways. Dysregulation of tyrosine kinases can lead to diseases such as cancer, making them important targets for certain therapeutic drugs.

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Bioinformatic Analysis of Gene Expression Data Reveals Src Family Protein Tyrosine Kinases as Key Players in Androgenetic Alopecia

research Bioinformatic analysis of gene expression data reveals Src family protein tyrosine kinases as key players in androgenetic alopecia

June 2023 in “Frontiers in Medicine”

Protein tyrosine kinases are key in male pattern baldness, affecting skin structure, hair growth, and immune responses.

research 078 The transmembrane protein LRIG1 regulates receptor tyrosine kinases in skin development and homeostasis

September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

LRIG1 protein affects hair growth by regulating skin receptors, leading to hair loss when overexpressed.

research 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin causes an increase in protein kinases growth hepatic associated with epidermal factor receptor in the plasma membrane

60 citations , December 1988 in “Journal of Biochemical Toxicology”

TCDD reduces EGF receptors in the liver, affecting growth and development.

research Platycladus orientalis Leaf Extract Promotes Hair Growth via Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK1 Activation

October 2024 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology”

Platycladus orientalis leaf extract helps hair grow by activating certain proteins.

research Identification and characterization of the hamster polyomavirus middle T antigen

52 citations , June 1991 in “Journal of Virology”

The hamster polyomavirus middle T antigen is linked to tumors in hamsters and associates with a specific tyrosine kinase.

research Identification of key genes and signaling pathways related to Hetian sheep wool density by RNA-seq technology

7 citations , May 2022 in “PLOS ONE”

Certain genes and pathways are linked to the production of finer and denser wool in Hetian sheep.

research Skin stem cells and tumor growth : functions of collagen XVIII in hair follicle cycling and skin cancer, and Bmx tyrosine kinase in tumor angiogenesis

3 citations , January 2014

Collagen XVIII and Bmx tyrosine kinase are important for hair growth and skin cancer development.

research Gab1 and Mapk Signaling Are Essential in the Hair Cycle and Hair Follicle Stem Cell Quiescence

36 citations , October 2015 in “Cell reports”

Gab1 protein is crucial for hair growth and stem cell renewal, and Mapk signaling helps maintain these processes.

research Anti-Acne Agents Attenuate FGFR2 Signal Transduction in Acne

65 citations , February 2009 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Anti-acne medications may work by reducing the activity of a protein involved in acne development.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutant T790M-L858R-V948R Inhibitor from Calophyllum Inophyllum L. Leaf as Potential Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Drugs

research Epidermal growth factor receptor mutant T790M-L858R-V948R inhibitor from Calophyllum inophyllum L. leaf as potential non-small cell lung cancer drugs

April 2024 in “Journal of pharmacy & pharmacognosy research”

A compound from Calophyllum inophyllum L. leaf may help treat non-small cell lung cancer.

research Signaling by the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Family

January 2009

PDGF signaling is crucial for cell development, wound healing, and fluid regulation in the body.

research Unexpected Autocrine Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Squamous Cell Carcinoma

1 citations , February 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

VEGF helps squamous cell carcinoma grow in ways beyond just blood vessel formation.

research Contemporary drug synthesis

77 citations , December 2004 in “Choice Reviews Online”

The document summarized how various modern drugs are made.

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Dermatology: A Systematic Review

research Tyrosine kinase Inhibitors in Dermatology: A Systemic Review

1 citations , June 2021 in “Journal of dermatology and dermatitis”

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors show promise in treating some skin diseases but their definitive role in dermatology is still unclear.

research Topical Application of a Protein Kinase C Inhibitor Reduces Skin and Hair Pigmentation

60 citations , January 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Applying a specific inhibitor lightens skin and hair color.

research Repigmentation of leukoderma in a piebald patient associated with a novel c-KIT gene mutation, G592E, of the tyrosine kinase domain

6 citations , November 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

A new gene mutation may allow some piebaldism patients to regain skin color in white patches.

research Protein kinase C is a key target for attenuation of Leigh syndrome by rapamycin

5 citations , February 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Rapamycin may help treat Leigh syndrome by targeting protein kinase C.

research A Case of Inflammatory Nonscarring Alopecia Associated With the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Nilotinib

16 citations , March 2013 in “JAMA Dermatology”

A cancer drug called nilotinib might cause hair loss due to inflammation around hair follicles.

Purified Vitexin Compound 1 Inhibits UVA-Induced Cellular Senescence in Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Binding Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1

research Purified Vitexin Compound 1 Inhibits UVA-Induced Cellular Senescence in Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Binding Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1

3 citations , July 2020 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology”

Vitexin Compound 1 may help reduce skin aging caused by UVA light.

research Acneiform eruptions caused by an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD 1839

1 citations , March 2004 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

ZD1839, a cancer drug, can cause mild skin rashes that are treatable without stopping the medication.

research Expression Profiles of Tyrosine Kinases in Cultured Follicular Papilla Cells Versus Dermal Fibroblasts

11 citations , July 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Certain tyrosine kinases may regulate hair growth and could help develop hair loss treatments.

research Protein Kinase C as a Therapeutic Target

87 citations , September 2006 in “Clinical Cancer Research”

Protein Kinase C shows promise for cancer treatment, but more research is needed to develop effective inhibitors.

research Protein Kinase Cε, which Sensitizes Skin to Sun's UV Radiation–Induced Cutaneous Damage and Development of Squamous Cell Carcinomas, Associates with Stat3

76 citations , February 2007 in “Cancer Research”

Protein Kinase Cε increases skin sensitivity to UV damage and skin cancer risk.

research Keratosis Pilaris-like Eruption during Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Literature Review and Report of a Case Related to Imatinib

December 2023 in “Journal of clinical medicine”

Some leukemia treatments can cause skin reactions similar to keratosis pilaris.

research Protein Kinase C δ Overexpressing Transgenic Mice Are Resistant to Chemically but not to UV Radiation–Induced Development of Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Possible Link to Specific Cytokines and Cyclooxygenase-2

35 citations , January 2006 in “Cancer Research”

Mice with extra PKCδ resist chemical-induced skin cancer but not UV-induced.

The Critical Roles of Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 3 (SGK3) in Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Homeostasis

research The Critical Roles of Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 3 (SGK3) in the Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Homeostasis

9 citations , April 2006 in “American Journal of Pathology”

SGK3 is essential for proper hair growth and health.

research Tyrosine Kinases in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases

88 citations , August 2019 in “Frontiers in immunology”

Tyrosine kinases are important in skin autoimmune diseases and could be targets for new treatments.

research Mathematical Modeling and Inference of Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cell Signaling Pathways

3 citations , September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Mathematical modeling helps understand and predict the MAPK cell signaling pathway.

research Efficacy and safety of the oral Janus kinase 3/tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma family kinase inhibitor ritlecitinib over 24 months: integrated analysis of the ALLEGRO phase IIb/III and long-term phase III clinical studies in alopecia areata

23 citations , October 2024 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Ritlecitinib effectively treats alopecia areata and is safe for long-term use in people 12 and older.

research Cutaneous Adverse Events of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Endocrine Tumors: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Management Strategies

December 2025 in “Biomedicines”

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors for endocrine tumors often cause skin issues, requiring early management and treatment adjustments.