57 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
January 2020 in “Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” Removing the ovaries can help treat hair loss caused by high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.
4 citations
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May 2019 in “Reproductive Endocrinology” Accurate diagnosis of hyperandrogenism, especially PCOS, is crucial for managing fertility and metabolic risks in women.
30 citations
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June 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” The document concludes that managing non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia in females requires personalized treatment, genetic counseling, and a team of specialists.
45 citations
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February 2001 in “Joint bone spine” Gonadal dysgenesis, like Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes, negatively affects bone health, but hormone treatments can help.
April 2014 in “The FASEB Journal” Testosterone reduces knee movement, while flutamide and finasteride increase it.
43 citations
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January 2006 in “PubMed” Androgens and estrogens are crucial for male reproductive health, affecting hormone levels and tissue function.
85 citations
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June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that hirsutism is the main sign for diagnosing hyperandrogenism, which requires a detailed patient history and physical exam.
42 citations
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April 2013 in “Steroids” Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common disorder causing symptoms like acne and infertility, and it's managed based on symptoms, not just test results. Treatment can improve fertility and reduce miscarriage risk.
17 citations
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October 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” The L457(3.43)R mutation in the human lutropin receptor causes increased activity and hormone insensitivity, leading to precocious puberty.
March 2025 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Elevated testosterone, DHEA-S, and FAI help identify PCOS risk in menstrual irregularities.
4 citations
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January 1989 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Women with hyperandrogenism have higher androgen levels and lower SHBG, which may contribute to conditions like excessive hair growth and early puberty.
September 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Clomiphene citrate is a cheap and simple treatment for low testosterone that works as well as human chorionic gonadotropin, alone or combined, especially for men who want to keep their fertility.
January 2022 in “Journal of Morphological Sciences” A woman's rare ovarian tumor was treated with surgery, which stopped her symptoms and normalized her hormone levels.
2 citations
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July 2012 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” A 12-year-old girl with very high testosterone and insulin resistance improved with birth control pills, suggesting PCOS can cause high testosterone without tumors.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A postmenopausal woman had rare symptoms due to a possible ovarian tumor, needing thorough evaluation.
54 citations
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April 2010 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Middle-aged men with unusual hot flashes should be checked for pituitary tumors.
6 citations
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February 2014 in “Human & experimental toxicology” Testosterone injections can cause skin darkening and thickening.
10 citations
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December 2019 in “in Vivo” Testosterone makes the connections in the uterus lining simpler and lowers certain protein levels, which might lead to infertility.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Ovarian steroid cell tumors can mimic adrenal hyperplasia, and surgery can normalize hormone levels.
151 citations
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December 2004 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.
9 citations
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August 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” 26 citations
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January 1982 in “Hormone Research” Normal androgen levels need ACTH, and different mechanisms control adrenarche and gonadarche.
100 citations
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April 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The ovary mainly causes high testosterone in PCO, while the adrenal gland is the main source in IH.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Removing the ovarian tumor improved the woman's hormonal symptoms.
118 citations
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February 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility” Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.
20 citations
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January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” Most cases of excessive hair growth in women are caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome and are linked to higher free testosterone levels.
1 citations
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October 2009 in “Current psychiatry” Choose treatments for sex offenders based on individual needs, using hormonal and nonhormonal options to reduce sexual drive.
4 citations
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December 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Treating non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is complex because the benefits of hormone treatment must be weighed against potential health risks.