45 citations
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September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.
53 citations
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March 2006 in “Biopolymers” TTD hair is brittle due to fewer sulfur amino acids and unstable disulfide bonds.
May 2024 in “International journal of medicine and psychology.” Age-related immune changes significantly affect disease development in other systems.
22 citations
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November 2014 in “Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics” Cysteines in wool fibers are accessible and form important disulfide bonds.
June 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Lipid peroxidation may worsen social behavior issues in autism.
9 citations
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March 1993 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Rat skin can convert minoxidil into its active form, aiding hair growth.
June 1996 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”
Certain ingredients in personal care products, like formaldehyde, oxidative hair dyes, and sulfates, pose health risks and need careful review.
17 citations
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December 2004 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Scientists found new, better-working inhibitors for a hormone-related enzyme.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The study found that skin inflammation and immune response pathways are activated in Solar Urticaria patients after UV exposure, unlike in healthy people.
8 citations
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September 1987 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica” Recessive X-linked ichthyosis involves a less efficient enzyme in hair follicles, suggesting two distinct enzymes.
March 2025 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Selenium disulfide shampoo effectively reduces dandruff and improves scalp health for all hair types.
April 2026 in “Applied Sciences” Succinic acid helps improve skin conditions like acne and rosacea.
13 citations
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November 2017 in “Neurotoxicity research/Neurotoxicity resarch” Sodium metabisulfite increases sodium channel activity, leading to higher cell excitability and potential damage.
5 citations
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November 2003 in “PubMed” Chemical treatments and light exposure damage hair proteins.
January 2026 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Staphylococcus aureus affects immune responses and skin cells in atopic dermatitis, suggesting new treatment targets.
39 citations
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June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
129 citations
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November 2005 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Early detection and intensive treatment of diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus toxins are crucial for reducing severe health effects.
24 citations
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September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.
3 citations
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January 2019 in “International Journal of Trichology” The balance of thiol-disulfide in women with hair loss is affected but not damaged.
29 citations
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September 1990 in “Biochemical Journal” Enzyme purified and characterized for minoxidil sulphation in rat liver.
184 citations
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October 2007 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Sulforaphane from broccoli can help protect skin from sun damage.
December 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Thiol/disulfide balance is normal in male AGA patients but shifts towards oxidative stress with emotional stress and low vitamin D.
37 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” A substance called Compound 2g can strongly block STS (a hormone-related enzyme) without affecting estrogen levels, making it potentially good for treating breast cancer.
2 citations
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August 2019 in “PubMed” A specific enzyme that activates the hair growth medication minoxidil when applied to the skin was identified.
2 citations
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February 1983 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Selenium disulphide detergents increase hair oiliness by boosting some lipids and reducing fatty acids.
13 citations
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March 2019 in “Pharmacology Research & Perspectives” In Singapore, most skin reactions to drugs were in females and Chinese, often caused by painkillers, antibiotics, and some other drugs, with serious cases linked to genetics.
3 citations
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September 2023 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A Chemistry”
93 citations
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February 2008 in “Atmospheric environment” Ozone reacts more with unwashed hair, producing compounds due to scalp oils, which could lower ozone exposure but increase exposure to reaction products.