26 citations
,
November 1993 in “Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry” Treatment during development affects hormone balance and sexual behavior in male rats.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Higher levels of 3α-diol G are linked to more severe female pattern hair loss.
23 citations
,
March 2009 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Hair loss in men and women is linked to high stress hormone levels and other hormonal imbalances, suggesting treatments should be customized to each person's hormones.
38 citations
,
May 1971 in “Clinical genetics” A specific metabolite, not a receptor protein, triggers the production of certain kidney enzymes, but this process is disrupted in mice with a mutation causing testicular feminization.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.
November 2012 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” A new genetic mutation causes severe Leydig cell hypoplasia, affecting sexual development.
4 citations
,
December 2021 in “Archivio italiano di urologia andrologia” Certain drugs, especially antiandrogens and spironolactone, significantly increase the risk of gynecomastia.
17 citations
,
April 2009 in “Andrologia” A boy's early puberty caused by a testicular tumor returned to normal after surgery.
4 citations
,
April 2020 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” High uric acid levels link to male pattern baldness, especially in young men.
The conclusion is that there's a link between high testosterone levels, insulin resistance, and certain skin conditions, regardless of obesity.
53 citations
,
December 2015 in “JAMA Dermatology” Women with PCOS often have more body hair, acne, and skin darkening, and these signs are linked to metabolic issues like insulin resistance and high cholesterol.
4 citations
,
December 2014 in “PubMed” Pre-operative hormone treatment for hypospadias surgery might improve outcomes, but more research is needed to confirm.
1 citations
,
February 2017 in “Journal of gynecology and womens health” The document concluded that more research is needed to understand how estrogen affects the enzyme involved in hirsutism development.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
January 2025 in “Haematology International Journal” These ovarian conditions cause high testosterone levels.
February 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Lower nitric oxide and higher fibrinogen found in hirsute women; impaired sexual function in 22.6% of hair loss patients, linked to psoriasis severity.
2 citations
,
October 2015 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” The woman's surgery lowered her testosterone and improved scalp hair loss but did not change her excessive body hair.
49 citations
,
January 2010 in “International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology” The document concludes that Nonclassic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia requires personalized treatment plans to manage symptoms and fertility, with glucocorticoids being a common therapy.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy improved symptoms in a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
December 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” 21-hydroxylase deficiency causes hormone imbalances leading to various symptoms, and diagnosis involves clinical and genetic tests.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Androgens increase growth factors in skin cells, which may lead to acne.
177 citations
,
June 1991 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Caucasian men have more chest hair and higher levels of certain androgen products than Chinese men.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 54 citations
,
June 2006 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Medicines that lower androgen levels and hair removal treatments help manage excessive hair and acne in women with PCOS.
Skin issues in women with PCOS are linked to hormone imbalances and can help diagnose the condition early.
54 citations
,
April 2010 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.
3 citations
,
March 2025 in “Endocrine Connections” Higher DHT levels are linked to more acne in adolescents, especially boys.
April 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Women with PCOS often have more hair growth, skin darkening, and acne, which are linked to hormonal and metabolic issues.
76 citations
,
November 2009 in “Medical Clinics of North America” Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in acne, which can be a symptom of systemic diseases like PCOS and may require targeted treatment.
34 citations
,
July 2020 in “Frontiers in immunology” Androgens may influence T cells, contributing to higher autoimmune liver disease risk in women.