49 citations
,
April 1997 in “Human reproduction” Hormone therapy for excessive hair growth is as good with GnRHa as with high-dose CPA, but GnRHa has longer-lasting results.
91 citations
,
December 2017 in “Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine” Lower SHBG levels may increase the risk of PCOS.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics” Certain gene variations are linked to higher male hormone levels in Chinese women with PCOS and insulin resistance.
4 citations
,
January 2016 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” A certain genetic variation is linked to a higher risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
221 citations
,
January 2014 in “Human Reproduction” Adding anti-Müllerian hormone to PCOS criteria lowers the number of women diagnosed.
37 citations
,
November 2002 in “Biology of Reproduction” Prenatal antiandrogen treatment altered hormone levels in adult spotted hyenas, affecting males and females differently.
13 citations
,
August 2016 in “Reproduction” High doses of nandrolone decanoate disrupt ovarian hormones and receptors in rats, with recovery only at lower doses and longer recovery times.
3 citations
,
June 2017 in “Reproductive biomedicine online” A certain mutation in the fetal alpha 5-reductase gene is linked to a higher risk of late miscarriage.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Reproduction” Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.
September 2025 in “Reproductive health of woman” Metformin reduces high male hormone levels in women with PCOS.
15 citations
,
January 2010 in “Reproduction, Fertility and Development” A certain gene variant may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women.
3 citations
,
July 2025 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Chromium, inositol, and omega-3 can help manage PCOS symptoms.
119 citations
,
November 2009 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS and higher androgen levels are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
77 citations
,
March 2004 in “Human Reproduction” Women with irregular periods and/or excessive body hair are more likely to have polycystic ovaries, and this condition is linked to higher health risks.
16 citations
,
August 1989 in “Human Reproduction” Hirsutism in females is caused by high male hormones or sensitive hair follicles.
61 citations
,
January 2017 in “Human Reproduction Open” The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.
7 citations
,
January 2022 in “Animal Reproduction” Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.
3 citations
,
February 2018 in “Human Reproduction” A man with testotoxicosis was fertile despite low FSH levels, suggesting high testosterone may allow sperm production without FSH.
1 citations
,
January 2016 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Hypothyroidism may worsen metabolic problems like insulin resistance and obesity in women with PCOS.
1 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences” Finasteride may decrease semen quality but not harm sperm production, and stopping the drug can improve semen quality; hyperprolactinemia can cause infertility but is treatable with medication.
25 citations
,
August 1989 in “Seminars in reproductive medicine” Birth control pills are effective for treating women with too much male hormone.
4 citations
,
January 2018 in “JBRA assisted reproduction” Orlistat helped reduce weight and testosterone in obese women with PCOS but did not significantly affect other androgens or cholesterol levels.
4 citations
,
April 2017 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” The study concluded that a higher waist-hip ratio significantly increases the risk of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS.
3 citations
,
March 2019 in “Post Reproductive Health” Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM)” Probiotics may help improve health markers in women with PCOS.
5 citations
,
October 2016 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Women with PCOS may have a higher risk of respiratory and ear infections due to slower nasal mucociliary clearance.
9 citations
,
June 2014 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Blood AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS than in those with other similar conditions.
30 citations
,
April 2014 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is hard because its symptoms often look like normal puberty, and there's a need for better diagnosis methods and agreement on criteria.
5 citations
,
April 2014 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” AMH levels can't reliably tell the difference between LOCAH and all types of PCOS in women with excessive hair growth.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “International journal of women's health and reproduction sciences” Electroacupuncture improved symptoms of PCOS in a 19-year-old woman.