36 citations
,
September 2013 in “PLoS ONE” Sweat gland stem cells help maintain glands, aid wound healing, and can regenerate skin structures.
7 citations
,
November 2010 in “Genesis” Mouse Scube3 affects teeth, tongue, vibrissae, and eye development, but not facial structure or limb growth.
6 citations
,
January 2011 in “Oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics of North America” Secondary facelifts or neck lifts should focus on deep layer support rather than just tightening skin for a natural look.
3 citations
,
September 2018 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Oxidized trichocyte keratin has a helical dislocation in its structure.
February 2026 in “Optics” Stretching wool changes its structure and improves fiber alignment.
109 citations
,
September 2011 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.
24 citations
,
July 2017 in “Structure” FGF9 controls which receptors it binds to through a process where two FGF9 molecules join, and changes in FGF9 can lead to incorrect receptor activation.
8 citations
,
January 2020 in “PeerJ” Alopecia Areata causes significant structural and compositional changes in hair.
135 citations
,
October 1997 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Trichohyalin is modified by enzymes to form strong structures in hair cells.
35 citations
,
May 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Monilethrix involves multiple genes affecting hair structure, including DSG4 mutations.
19 citations
,
March 1988 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Hair shaft dysplasias are abnormal hair conditions that can be inherited or acquired and may signal other health issues, with limited treatment options available.
17 citations
,
August 2014 in “The Anatomical Record” Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.
17 citations
,
March 2012 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Hairless protein affects hair follicle structure by regulating the Dlx3 gene.
15 citations
,
July 1999 in “Dermatologic Clinics” The document concludes that immune system abnormalities cause alopecia areata, but the exact process is still not completely understood.
5 citations
,
September 2023 in “Molecules” These methods help understand cell structures and reactions.
4 citations
,
July 2022 in “Annals of translational medicine” Scientists created complete hair-like structures by growing mouse skin cells together in a special gel.
June 2025 in “Biomolecules” RORA affects hair follicle stem cells' structure and movement, potentially helping treat hair loss.
March 2026 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Cancer survivors need better skin care to improve their quality of life.
63 citations
,
December 1998 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology” The study improved understanding of keratin fiber structure by showing consistent microfibril diameter but varying distances and electron density profiles.
27 citations
,
November 2007 in “Genomics” Mutations in specific keratin genes cause improper hair structure in mice due to faulty keratin protein assembly.
September 2025 in “Immunological Reviews” The skin can independently form immune responses through special structures, offering new ways to treat skin diseases.
277 citations
,
July 2011 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association” The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.
211 citations
,
May 2018 in “Trends in cell biology” Different types of skin cells play specific roles in development, healing, and cancer.
88 citations
,
June 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratin 17 is important for hair and nail structure and affects pachyonychia congenita symptoms.
46 citations
,
October 2023 in “Science Advances” 3D bioprinting can now create skin with hair-like structures for medical use.
35 citations
,
February 2024 in “Science Advances” Magnetic fields help create complex 3D soft structures for biomedical use.
25 citations
,
June 2019 in “Endocrine Related Cancer” Mutations in certain receptors can cause diseases and offer new treatment options.
13 citations
,
September 2012 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research” pCLCA2 protein may help maintain skin structure and function.
13 citations
,
July 2004 in “Skinmed” Common types of non-scarring hair loss have various causes and treatments, but more effective solutions are needed.
5 citations
,
November 2024 in “Advanced Science” A new culture system can grow tooth-like structures from dental cells but can't yet develop roots.