12 citations
,
March 2017 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.
28 citations
,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
15 citations
,
December 2021 in “Nature Communications” Androgens in female meerkats influence aggression and dominance, affecting social dynamics and offspring behavior.
32 citations
,
February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
223 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.
173 citations
,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.
137 citations
,
March 2006 in “Cns Drug Reviews” Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.
23 citations
,
January 2003 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” About 15% of US Army personnel use hair products containing hormone or placenta, with higher usage among non-whites, females, and enlisted personnel.
17 citations
,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.
58 citations
,
January 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Obese women with PCOS show a male-like pattern in certain fat tissue gene expressions.
7 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction” People with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to have higher levels of depression and anxiety, but their personality traits are similar to those without PCOS.
22 citations
,
October 2017 in “Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Many young Australian women think they have PCOS, but only a few are diagnosed correctly, causing unnecessary worry.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “PubMed” Women with PCOS have a similar chance of getting pregnant using assisted reproductive treatment as those without PCOS.
73 citations
,
June 2001 in “Endocrinology” Prolactin affects when mice shed and grow hair.
23 citations
,
December 2004 in “Differentiation” Sex hormones affect hair and feather growth and may help manage alopecia and hormone-dependent cancers.
19 citations
,
April 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Dutasteride works better than finasteride for hair loss, with both being safe to use.
15 citations
,
March 1997 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Finasteride shows promise for treating hair loss and excessive hair growth, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety.
3 citations
,
February 2018 in “Human Reproduction” A man with testotoxicosis was fertile despite low FSH levels, suggesting high testosterone may allow sperm production without FSH.
Finasteride can cause long-term side effects like sexual dysfunction and depression.
October 2010 in “Journal of Men's Health” Larger prostate size in older men may be linked to poorer semen quality and fertility issues.
61 citations
,
April 2014 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Finasteride affects brain and blood steroids, causing lasting sexual and emotional side effects.
17 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Post-finasteride patients show changes in gut bacteria, possibly causing various symptoms.
5 citations
,
January 2001 in “Advances in protein chemistry” 5α-reductase inhibitors help treat disorders caused by DHT and have potential for future therapies.
December 2022 in “Scholars journal of applied medical sciences” Dutasteride 0.5mg improves hair growth in 78% of people with hair loss, but may cause sexual problems in some.
September 2023 in “Fides et Ratio” The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.
138 citations
,
October 2012 in “Behavioral Ecology” Masculine facial features may not reliably indicate heritable health, and more research is needed.
60 citations
,
November 2009 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.
25 citations
,
July 2013 in “Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry” Spironolactone harms fish reproduction and is more potent in fish than invertebrates, needing environmental monitoring.
23 citations
,
October 2015 in “Andrology” New male hormonal contraceptives show promise but need more research on long-term effects and funding for larger trials.
12 citations
,
January 2015 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” Negative expectations can cause adverse effects in dermatology treatments, like with finasteride for baldness, and careful communication can help reduce these nocebo responses.