Accurate diagnosis of PCOS requires comprehensive androgen measurement.
The document recommends a multidisciplinary approach and experience sharing to advance facial feminization surgery as a medical field.
June 2016 in “The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology” Long-term exposure to benzene increases skin diseases, blood disorders, and liver problems.
November 1993 in “PubMed” High levels of androgens can cause skin issues like acne, hair loss, and excessive hair growth.
January 2020 in “International Journal of Trichology” Androgen-producing ovarian tumors can cause male-pattern hair loss in women.
2 citations
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January 2019 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” A patient experienced permanent hair loss due to an allergic reaction to a corticosteroid injection.
54 citations
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March 1991 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” This model can replace animal testing for quick, cost-effective skin toxicity tests.
September 2023 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” The formulated gel is a promising treatment for alopecia areata.
232 citations
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June 1975 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.
77 citations
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September 1983 in “Acta Paediatrica” Dexamethasone effectively normalizes elevated steroid levels in girls with premature adrenarche.
60 citations
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February 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Metformin combined with lifestyle changes improves insulin resistance and reduces testosterone levels in women with PCOS more than lifestyle changes alone.
38 citations
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January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Finasteride and flutamide effectively reduce hirsutism in PCOS women, with flutamide also lowering hormone levels.
16 citations
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August 1989 in “Human Reproduction” Hirsutism in females is caused by high male hormones or sensitive hair follicles.
8 citations
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March 2020 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Researchers created immortal human skin cells with constant testosterone receptor activity to study hair loss and test treatments.
6 citations
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January 2014 in “Pediatric annals” A 21-day-old baby had a skin rash that didn't improve with cream and wasn't caused by a fungus.
3 citations
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October 1979 in “Laboratory animals” Hairless rats are good for testing anti-inflammatory drugs, similar to haired rats, without needing to remove fur.
3 citations
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February 2002 in “The American journal of psychiatry” Stopping birth control pills may have triggered a manic episode in a woman with HAIR-AN syndrome.
2 citations
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August 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride treats baldness but may cause lasting sexual side effects.
1 citations
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September 2012 in “Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
July 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Blocking CXCL12 can reverse hair loss and fibrosis in androgenetic alopecia.
June 2025 in “ARSHI Veterinary Letters” The cat's skin condition improved and hair regrew after antifungal treatment.
September 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The reconstructed skin model from hair follicles functions like human skin in processing chemicals and can be used to test ingredient safety.
June 2016 in “Journal of Coastal Life Medicine” The terrier dog with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism was successfully treated with mitotane.
November 2015 in “Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Veterinary Medicine” Most dogs with Cushing's syndrome have pituitary tumors causing varied symptoms, complicating diagnosis.
May 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The meeting covered advances in understanding hair growth, causes of hair loss, and potential treatments.
The new dutasteride gel improves hair growth for treating baldness.
March 2023 in “International journal of trichology” Six genetic conditions are often linked to complete scalp hair loss in children.
March 2021 in “Der Hautarzt” Neuroendocrine paraneoplastic syndromes often show skin changes, helping early diagnosis and requiring a team approach for best care.
January 2020 in “VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University)” Sex hormone antibodies can help identify male and female contributors in forensic samples.
June 2014 in “Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering” Injecting lab-grown hair cells into the scalp can regrow hair.