Accurate diagnosis of PCOS requires comprehensive androgen measurement.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 3D ultrasound can detect hair follicle changes and disease phases in alopecia areata.
2 citations
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May 2018 in “Diagnosis” A 68-year-old woman developed male traits due to a tumor in her ovary, which was removed, returning her hormone levels to normal.
April 2020 in “Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology” Laparoscopic ovarian drilling improves menstrual cycles, hormone levels, and pregnancy rates in women with PCOS.
January 2016 in “International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology” Insulin resistance varies among PCOS types, and simple math tools can help identify it early.
29 citations
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November 2011 in “Human Fertility” Many women with PCOS have undiagnosed health issues and show different symptoms based on the clinic they visit.
January 2022 in “Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences” Women with PCOS risk had normal height and blood tests but higher weight and common acne or hirsutism.
July 2024 in “Reproductive health of woman” Girls conceived via assisted reproductive technologies show early puberty signs and larger ovaries.
1 citations
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July 2025 in “Journal of Chemical Biological and Physical Sciences” Women with PCOS have shorter reproductive periods and higher infertility rates compared to healthy women.
5 citations
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October 2018 in “Medical Science Monitor” Women with PCOS have lower amylin levels, which are not related to their body weight.
Optical Coherence Tomography has potential in diagnosing hair loss and monitoring blood clotting, and could be improved for deeper tissue observation and better hair loss understanding.
OCT can effectively diagnose different stages of hair loss non-invasively.
May 2017 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Using GnRHa agonists helps diagnose and treat ovarian hyperthecosis when surgery isn't possible.
November 2025 in “Journal of Contemporary Medicine” Women with PCOS have higher cardiometabolic risks.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” High levels of fatty acids are linked to increased androgen production and inflammation in women with PCOS, which may affect IVF outcomes.
4 citations
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November 2018 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” GnRH analogue can help diagnose ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women when scans don't show the cause.
November 2021 in “Khyber Medical University Journal” A rare ovarian tumor caused a postmenopausal woman to develop male-like features, which improved after surgery.
21 citations
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November 2018 in “Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology” Women with PCOS have more emotional and body image issues than healthy women.
1 citations
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January 2017 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Women with PCOS often have different clinical signs, hormone levels, and gynecological issues compared to those without the condition.
2 citations
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October 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”
December 2021 in “Aegean journal of obstetrics and gynecology” A woman's male-like physical changes were caused by two rare ovarian conditions.
19 citations
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July 2013 in “The obstetrician & gynaecologist” The document concludes that careful evaluation is needed to diagnose PCOS correctly due to similar symptoms in other conditions, and accurate testosterone level measurement is crucial.
July 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The study developed a 3D model that closely imitates remaining ovarian cancer after treatment and identified a potential drug targeting resistant cancer cells.
May 2023 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Ovarian Hyperthecosis caused hypersexuality in an older woman and was successfully treated with surgery.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor caused high male hormone levels, but surgery fixed it.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Benign conditions can mimic serious ones in postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, requiring careful diagnosis.
30 citations
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January 2019 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The study concluded that both anti-Mullerian hormone and LH/FSH ratio are higher in women with PCOS and combining these markers with BMI could improve diagnosis accuracy.
January 2021 in “Indian journal of veterinary pathology” A 15-year-old female labrador had a large ovarian tumor removed.
4 citations
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December 2018 in “Case reports in endocrinology” A 63-year-old woman's male-like symptoms were caused by a rare testosterone-producing ovarian tumor, treated by removing her ovaries and fallopian tubes.
8 citations
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June 2016 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Women with persistent acne and high levels of antimullerian hormone are more likely to have polycystic ovarian syndrome.