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February 2004 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Control variability makes it hard to confirm low-dose endocrine effects.
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January 2011 in “Andrologia” Flutamide and a new synthetic steroid affected brain and prostate chemicals and showed potential for treating androgen-related conditions and epilepsy.
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January 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Progesterone byproduct 5αP stimulates mammary tumor growth, but finasteride can suppress it.
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June 2017 in “Scientific reports” Stress worsens Tourette symptoms by increasing allopregnanolone levels.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
Bicalutamide does not significantly affect liver enzymes and is a safe anti-androgen option for transfeminine individuals.
5 citations
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June 2010 in “Universitas Psychologica” Progesterone helps protect against stress-related memory and behavior issues in rats.
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March 2025 in “Cytotechnology” 14 citations
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May 2005 in “Steroids” A new method was developed to make finasteride for treating hair loss.
May 1981 in “Inpharma (Balgowlah)” Medroxyprogesterone acetate improved sleep apnea symptoms in some obese patients.
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June 1999 in “Steroids” Different halogens on progesterone derivatives can either block or mimic male hormone effects, depending on their type and amount.
2 citations
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August 2016 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” The document concludes that women should not use 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors due to the risk of birth defects and limited effectiveness.
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July 2001 in “BJUI” Combination therapy improves urinary flow and reduces residual urine, but needs better stent design.
July 2024 in “Reactions Weekly”
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January 2003 in “Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” The new progesterone derivatives effectively inhibit 5α-reductase and bind to the androgen receptor.
January 2017 in “Revista da Universidade Vale do Rio Verde” Finasteride is commonly used for male pattern hair loss but has potential risks, including irreversible sexual dysfunction.
Finasteride causes reproductive changes in male rats.
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January 2008 in “Journal of Molecular Neuroscience” 42 citations
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December 1976 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol effectively reduce hirsutism and acne in women.
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November 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.
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September 2005 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” 5alpha-reductase 2 is crucial for proper male brain development and sexual differentiation.
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April 1990 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” The medication combination did not affect glucose tolerance but increased some cholesterol levels due to its estrogen component.
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October 2011 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Some newly made compounds are promising for treating enlarged prostate, hair loss, viruses, and prostate cancer, and might be better than current drugs.
4 citations
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August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Anastrozole can cause increased testosterone, leading to symptoms like hair growth and thinning.
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June 2006 in “Physiology & Behavior” Finasteride slows down motherly behavior in first-time pregnant rats.