November 2001 in “PubMed” Perming, combing, and stretching damage hair by reducing keratin.
29 citations
,
August 2011 in “PubMed” Polymeric pretreatments can significantly reduce hair breakage and damage from hot flat irons.
October 2015 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair styling products and tools help improve hair's look and manageability but can damage hair if used incorrectly.
2 citations
,
December 2010 in “PubMed” The new stiffness test works well for gels but not for sprays.
7 citations
,
October 2019 in “Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology” Fusion proteins can protect hair from heat damage.
Curly hair may be caused by a muscle contraction, and muscle relaxants might help treat it.
85 citations
,
October 2007 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Curly hair shape is due to uneven growth patterns in the hair follicle.
37 citations
,
October 2015 in “PeerJ” Perming significantly changes hair's molecular structure, while shampoo and conditioner do not.
8 citations
,
July 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Curly hair is mechanically different from straight hair and may need new testing methods.
9 citations
,
July 2014 in “Skin research and technology” Stretching damages Caucasian hair's structure more easily than Asian hair.
Perming, combing, and stretching damage hair by reducing keratin levels.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
3 citations
,
August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
May 2023 in “Accounts of chemical research” New methods can better classify curly hair types and lead to improved hair care products.
1 citations
,
January 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Age-related hair curvature increases due to internal structural changes from grooming.
22 citations
,
January 1985 Water makes hair more flexible, especially the outer layer.
1 citations
,
June 2021 in “Preprints.org” Hair relaxers and straighteners can be toxic to skin cells.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “European journal of pediatric surgery reports” A baby girl's hair turned straight on one side due to a neck tumor and surgery, but it returned to curly as she recovered.
16 citations
,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride improves hair waving permanence without damage.
April 2020 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The study found that minor protein differences between curved and straight Japanese hair are unlikely to significantly affect hair structure.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Shiny, straight hair is seen as more youthful, healthy, and attractive.
January 2013 in “Wool textile journal” June 2023 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” 1 citations
,
July 2024 in “Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery” Estrogen therapy can help stabilize the hairline in transfeminine individuals.
34 citations
,
December 2009 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Improper use of ceramic flat irons can cause severe hair damage.
50 citations
,
October 2007 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Stretching-setting treatment works for wool and human hair using specific equipment and methods.
Different treatments change the strength and flexibility of human hair.
October 2024 in “Cosmetics” ATG effectively reduces hair frizz without damaging hair strength.
23 citations
,
July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Pili torti hair twists due to uneven outer root sheath cell development.