Bicalutamide does not significantly affect liver enzymes and is a safe anti-androgen option for transfeminine individuals.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
Microneedling with Triamcinolone acetonide is an effective, less invasive, and safe alternative to direct injections for treating alopecia areata.
12 citations
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January 2016 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Testosterone therapy improved physical and social health in a male with 49,XXXXY syndrome.
January 2018 in “Refubium (Universitätsbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin)” Polymeric nanoparticles effectively control corticosteroid release and penetration for skin applications.
January 2025 in “The World Journal of Men s Health” Intratesticular PRP injections are safe but not proven to improve sperm retrieval in certain infertile men.
17 citations
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August 2019 in “Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases” Low testosterone in men is a risk factor for a specific heart rhythm issue, and testosterone treatment may help prevent it.
16 citations
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August 2014 in “Archives of Pharmacal Research” Special nanoparticles increased skin absorption of hair loss treatments with fewer side effects.
January 2021 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Finasteride-coated microneedles effectively deliver the drug with minimal scalp damage and high stability.
June 2025 in “ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering” A new method using hydrogels and microneedle patches improves minoxidil delivery for better hair growth.
18 citations
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October 2019 in “Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Microemulsions can improve skin delivery of finasteride.
97 citations
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January 2006 in “Dermatology” imTA and pulse therapy are effective for alopecia areata with manageable side effects, but relapse rates need improvement.
11 citations
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March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.
11 citations
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March 2009 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Chemicals called 4-(alkylthio)- and 4-(arylthio)-benzonitrile derivatives can potentially reduce oil production on skin, which could help treat conditions like acne and hair loss.
25 citations
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July 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Testosterone affects hair follicles differently across body sites, with beard hair follicles showing more activity of a specific enzyme and presence of androgen receptors compared to scalp hair.
17 citations
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April 2023 in “ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering” Silk fibroin microneedles can effectively treat vitiligo by promoting skin pigmentation.
36 citations
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October 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dihydrotestosterone can be made from dehydroepiandrosterone in skin cells without needing testosterone.
2 citations
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October 1988 in “Steroids” Certain hormone treatments can increase SBP levels and help with mild body hair growth.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 5% ET-02 is a more effective and safe treatment for hair loss than current options.
14 citations
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September 1990 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Viprostol does not effectively promote hair growth in male pattern baldness.
49 citations
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May 2020 in “The Scientific World JOURNAL” Mesotherapy is a skin injection therapy used for pain and local conditions, with scientific support but needing more clinical trials.
September 2021 in “Medicina Estética Revista Científica de la Sociedad Española de Medicina Estética (SEME)” The treatment improved hair growth and thickness in most patients with minimal side effects.
1 citations
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August 2024 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Bicalutamide may effectively treat female pattern hair loss with minimal side effects.
9 citations
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February 2022 in “Biomedicines” Testosterone treatment may change estrogen receptor methylation in AFAB individuals.
June 2017 in “World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biomedical and Biological Engineering” Testosterone undecanoate can reduce the negative effects of Finasteride on male reproductive health.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
24 citations
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February 2007 in “Hormone and metabolic research” The substance MK386 effectively blocked testosterone conversion and reduced cell growth in certain skin cells, but inhibiting 5α-reductase alone may not greatly improve acne.
1 citations
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November 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” GSK-36 downregulation with UTMD improves plaque stability in atherosclerosis treatment.
September 2022 in “International Journal of Trichology” Both microneedling and injections are equally effective for treating alopecia areata.