A TNFAIP3 gene mutation can cause unusual and varied symptoms of lupus and Sjogren's syndrome.
May 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Nicastrin deficiency may cause skin cell damage and pigmentation disorders in humans, similar to effects seen in fish.
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August 2019 in “Cell Communication and Signaling” NFAT5 triggers atherosclerosis under stress by activating inflammation in blood vessels.
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March 1995 in “Differentiation” A rabbit gene important for hair development was identified and detailed.
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January 2001 in “Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry” Ubiquitin, a protein, is found in hair, nails, and skin.
July 2025 in “Communications Biology” Rat vibrissae structure relates to their sensory function.
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January 2018 in “BMC dermatology” A new mutation in the PLEC gene causes a rare condition with skin blistering, muscle weakness, and hair loss.
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September 1997 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Monilethrix is linked to the type II keratin gene on chromosome 12q13.
17 citations
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August 2015 in “Journal of Animal Science” The MTR gene affects wool quality and production in Chinese Merino sheep.
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January 2009 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” FOXN1 mutations cause severe immunodeficiency, hair loss, nail issues, and thymus defects.
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May 2019 in “Small ruminant research” Mutations in specific llama genes may affect fiber quality for textiles.
May 2024 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” CYLD deficiency in skin tumors disrupts hair follicle cell processes and protein secretion.
October 2000 in “Pediatrics in Review” The document's conclusion cannot be summarized because the content is not available to parse.
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May 2002 in “The American journal of pathology” Cathepsin L is essential for normal hair growth and development.
30 citations
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February 2021 in “Journal of Medical Virology” TMPRSS2 affects COVID-19 severity and treatment options.
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July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” MPZL3 protein affects hair growth cycles and could help manage hair loss.
53 citations
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October 2003 in “Genetics” The mK6irs1/Krt2-6g gene likely causes wavy hair in mice.
March 2024 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” A new MTX2 gene mutation caused a severe genetic disorder in a young Chinese girl.
30 citations
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April 2009 in “Mycoses” Microsporum gypseum fungus breaks down keratin in hair by digesting it enzymatically, starting with less keratinized parts.
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September 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Keratin 75 is important for fast wound healing and works with SOX2 and the LINC complex to help skin cells move and repair damage.
54 citations
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January 1995 in “Human Molecular Genetics” Monilethrix is linked to a gene cluster on chromosome 12.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Targeted siRNA therapy may be a promising treatment for KID syndrome by reducing mutant gene expression and improving cell communication.
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August 2024 in “Nature Communications” Quiescent cells have increased mitochondrial activity and ECM gene expression, but reduced glycolysis.
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January 2018 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling is crucial for skin development and stem cell function.
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September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Two distinct caspases in human skin help with cell death and skin formation.
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November 2011 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Connexin-26 gene mutations may increase cancer risk in KID syndrome patients.
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September 2018 in “Matrix Biology” Laminin-511 is essential for proper melanocyte movement and development in mice.
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October 2011 in “Analytical biochemistry” Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
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January 1995 in “Molecular Biology Reports” Scientists discovered two versions of a new human hair keratin gene.