November 2023 in “JAAD case reports” Exogenous testosterone use may be linked to developing hidradenitis suppurativa.
February 2021 in “International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)” A higher testosterone/dihydrotestosterone ratio in PCOS patients may indicate worse metabolic health.
June 2026 in “Scientific Reports” Testosterone makes XX skin more like male skin by changing its structure and cell makeup.
11 citations
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January 2000 in “Der Hautarzt” Male hypogonadism affects skin and hair, causing thin skin, less hair, and skin reactions to treatment.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Leydig cell tumors in the ovary can cause high testosterone and male traits in postmenopausal women but are treatable with surgery.
January 2014 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Korean adolescents with androgenetic alopecia often have a family history, milder symptoms than adults, and normal hormone levels.
282 citations
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October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
8 citations
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August 2018 in “Turkish journal of urology” Hair wrapped tightly around a boy's penis can cause serious damage if not treated quickly.
January 2025 in “Case Reports in Oncological Medicine” Consider Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome patients with adnexal masses.
September 2022 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Finasteride may cause lasting sexual and mental health issues, and genetic screening could help prevent them.
June 2025 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” Accurate diagnosis is crucial to distinguish between PCOS and rare ovarian tumors in teens with similar symptoms.
110 citations
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October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
November 2025 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.
February 2026 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Children with Turner Syndrome often have skin, hair, and nail issues linked to hormonal problems, so regular skin checks are recommended.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A young patient with unusual insulin resistance and high testosterone levels had a rare INSR gene mutation.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy improved symptoms in a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
41 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by a rare tumor in her left ovary, which was found using a special blood test.
28 citations
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October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
6 citations
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October 2011 in “ISRN Ophthalmology” Higher testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels may help diagnose meibomian gland dysfunction.
July 2020 in “Endocrine practice” A 13-year-old boy with Cushing syndrome has high cortisol levels from a pituitary gland issue and underdeveloped sexual characteristics.
13 citations
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May 1996 in “Archives of Disease in Childhood” Siblings with signs of virilization should be tested for non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, which does not affect adult height but may impact fertility and well-being if untreated.
May 2025 in “Oxford Academix (Oxford)” Dermatology trainees lack standardized guidelines and education for treating testosterone-induced skin conditions in transmasculine individuals.
10 citations
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September 2015 in “Folia Histochemica Et Cytobiologica” Finasteride treatment in male rats can reduce fertility and affect sperm development in their offspring.
29 citations
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October 2020 in “eLife” Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.
3 citations
,
February 2018 in “Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences” Some ovarian tumors can cause masculinization, and it's important to check for various causes when this symptom is present.
5 citations
,
May 2011 in “Movement Disorders” Finasteride significantly reduced tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Tourette syndrome patients.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “International Journal of Trichology” Two sisters had a rare hair condition without other usual symptoms.
25 citations
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December 2009 in “Developmental Neurobiology” Androgens are essential for maintaining adult neuromuscular structure.
26 citations
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January 1993 in “Dermatology” A rare case of isolated trichothiodystrophy was identified, marked by brittle hair with low sulfur content.