October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Rare ovarian tumors can cause hyperandrogenism, even if imaging appears normal.
25 citations
,
December 2009 in “Developmental Neurobiology” Androgens are essential for maintaining adult neuromuscular structure.
January 2003 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone therapy can improve skin and hair in men with low testosterone but may cause skin irritation with certain treatments.
February 2021 in “International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)” A higher testosterone/dihydrotestosterone ratio in PCOS patients may indicate worse metabolic health.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
12 citations
,
July 2020 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Men with hormonal imbalances similar to PCOS may have increased risk of metabolic and heart diseases.
108 citations
,
April 2004 in “Medicinal Research Reviews” Steroid sulfatase inhibitors could help treat hormone-related disorders and cancers.
December 1981 in “Pediatric Research” October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Anastrozole can cause increased testosterone, leading to symptoms like hair growth and thinning.
January 2019 in “The Annals of Thoracic Surgery” The document concludes that careful planning and execution of facial gender affirmation surgery after at least 12 months of hormonal therapy can improve the quality of life for transgender individuals.
2 citations
,
October 2016 in “European Neuropsychopharmacology”
19 citations
,
July 2013 in “The obstetrician & gynaecologist” The document concludes that careful evaluation is needed to diagnose PCOS correctly due to similar symptoms in other conditions, and accurate testosterone level measurement is crucial.
5 citations
,
May 2011 in “Movement Disorders” Finasteride may help reduce tic severity in male Tourette syndrome patients.
12 citations
,
October 2018 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapy in transgender women can affect hair growth and acne, and there are specific skin issues related to gender-affirming surgery, but more research is needed on their dermatological health.
February 2026 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Children with Turner Syndrome often have skin, hair, and nail issues linked to hormonal problems, so regular skin checks are recommended.
3 citations
,
May 2025 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Evaluate and manage androgen excess in women with a systematic approach, considering both physical and psychological impacts.
41 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe insulin resistance improved with treatment, but she still had high testosterone levels due to ovarian issues.
1 citations
,
October 2012 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” The document concludes that proper diagnosis and individualized treatment are crucial for managing androgenization in women effectively.
3 citations
,
March 2019 in “Post Reproductive Health” Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.
10 citations
,
January 2019 in “Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly increase sexual desire in women with HSDD but lacks broad recommendation due to safety concerns and limited approval.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Using LC-MS/MS for hormone measurement can prevent false high testosterone results and avoid unnecessary tests.
Testosterone in human pancreas cells boosts insulin production.
3 citations
,
August 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Facial hair is crucial for transgender men's gender identity and transition.
March 2016 in “Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association” The woman likely has a hormonal imbalance causing excessive hair growth.
6 citations
,
November 2018 in “Journal of molecular histology” Testosterone increases fluid secretion and aquaporin expression in the vas deferens, which is important for male fertility.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.
1 citations
,
May 2007 in “PubMed” Early diagnosis and treatment of haemochromatosis are crucial for reversing organ damage and improving fertility.
February 2025 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Adrenal tumors can cause hair loss and high testosterone in women.
42 citations
,
December 2007 in “American Journal of Psychiatry” Finasteride may effectively reduce Tourette's syndrome symptoms and improve life quality.