2 citations
,
July 2024 in “International Journal of Transgender Health” Transgender individuals may face specific skin issues during gender-affirming treatments, needing personalized care.
January 2003 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone therapy can improve skin and hair in men with low testosterone but may cause skin irritation with certain treatments.
34 citations
,
April 2023 in “Climacteric” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects health risks and requires careful management, especially as transgender individuals age.
1 citations
,
May 2024 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Clomiphene Citrate can quickly restore fertility in some men after long-term steroid abuse.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Benign conditions can mimic serious ones in postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, requiring careful diagnosis.
10 citations
,
September 2015 in “Folia Histochemica Et Cytobiologica” Finasteride treatment in male rats can reduce fertility and affect sperm development in their offspring.
February 2009 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” A man with Klinefelter syndrome had a leg ulcer that didn't heal well, even with treatment.
39 citations
,
October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Consider TFI in facial hypopigmentation diagnoses and confirm with a biopsy.
5 citations
,
November 2015 in “International Journal of Dermatology”
24 citations
,
March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
November 2025 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” Women have a higher DHT/testosterone ratio than men, possibly due to gut bacteria activity.
Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Sex hormones may be linked to inflammation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
March 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility” The April 2014 issue of "Fertility and Sterility" discussed various reproductive health topics, including hormone therapy benefits, sperm and genetic factors in male infertility, and the link between PCOS and diabetes.
October 2008 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” A 20-month-old girl had a rare adrenal tumor removed successfully, with no recurrence for 10 years.
6 citations
,
August 2014 in “Sri Lanka Journal of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism” The FG score is better at detecting hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients than testosterone levels or FAI, but testosterone is the recommended test for diagnosis.
July 2021 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The boy's genetic diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia helped improve management and counseling for him and his sister.
2 citations
,
August 2022 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” The new rodent model successfully mimics non-lean human PCOS symptoms.
2 citations
,
October 2022 in “Frontiers in genetics” Late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia can greatly affect physical development, gender identity, and sexual health.
1 citations
,
March 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” The letter suggests testosterone replacement therapy might worsen COVID-19 outcomes.
1 citations
,
September 2012 in “Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental” Gender identity doesn't determine who people are attracted to or their sexual practices.
83 citations
,
August 2018 in “BJOG” Uterine transplants for transgender women are feasible but need more research.
155 citations
,
October 2002 in “The FASEB Journal” Heart-specific steroid metabolism is crucial in cardiac hypertrophy.
21 citations
,
January 2021 in “Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone may have a dual role in COVID-19, potentially worsening outcomes in men, and testosterone therapy could help some patients, but more research is needed.
August 2003 in “Oncology Times” The trial on testosterone replacement therapy in older men faced concerns due to prostate cancer risk.
25 citations
,
March 2004 in “Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology” Using testosterone-stimulated weanling rats can effectively replace castrated rats for anti-androgen testing, reducing animal stress.
1 citations
,
January 1996 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Non-invasive imaging helped diagnose a woman's severe hormone imbalance and diabetes, and medication successfully treated her condition.