November 2025 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.
April 2026 in “Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology” Finasteride lowers cortisol and raises testosterone levels in rats.
21 citations
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April 2011 in “Physiological Research” Normal levels of DHT can reduce belly fat and increase muscle, but too much can lead to hair loss, prostate issues, and possibly heart disease.
5 citations
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August 1987 in “Andrology” Men with low or no sperm count have lower salivary testosterone levels, and saliva testing can measure their testosterone well.
69 citations
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February 1983 in “Gut” Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.
October 2023 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Men with male pattern baldness have lower levels of the antioxidant PON1.
74 citations
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November 1975 in “Archives of dermatology” Increased DHT formation in skin can cause hair loss, acne, and excessive hair growth, and antiandrogens might treat these conditions.
January 2026 in “SSRN Electronic Journal”
118 citations
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February 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility” Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.
May 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Testosterone significantly affects urination differences between male and female mice.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
11 citations
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April 2020 in “Andrology” Testosterone replacement therapy, especially intramuscular, raises PSA levels, but no overall link between PSA and testosterone was found except in non-BPH patients.
32 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of neurochemistry” Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.
18 citations
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April 2011 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Dihydrotestosterone causes p27 protein breakdown in ovarian and breast cancer cells by binding with SKP2.
4 citations
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August 2010 in “Acta Biologica Hungarica” New steroidal compounds moderately block an enzyme related to testosterone conversion, less effectively than finasteride.
5 citations
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January 2020 in “in Vivo” Testosterone changes important cell communication proteins in pregnant rats' uteruses, which might affect pregnancy success.
18 citations
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September 1972 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” PCPA induces hypersexual behavior in male rats regardless of age or castration status.
93 citations
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September 2014 in “Diabetes” Lack of 5α-Reductase type 1 can lead to insulin resistance and liver problems.
December 2023 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” AGEs and their receptors play a significant role in hair loss by causing inflammation and oxidative stress.
February 2019 in “Yeni Üroloji Dergisi” Premature hair whitening or loss may indicate a risk for erectile dysfunction.
1 citations
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January 2010 in “Elsevier eBooks” Testosterone therapy may help men with osteoporosis.
1 citations
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December 2019 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Higher androgen levels during puberty are linked to shorter adult height in boys with Silver-Russell syndrome.
April 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” A young woman had a rare, aggressive ovarian tumor that was hard to diagnose and treat, leading to disease progression despite treatment.
48 citations
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February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
9 citations
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August 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” December 2024 in “Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology”
Hypoxic preconditioning helps human hair follicle stem cells survive oxidative stress.
23 citations
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January 2007 in “Archives of Andrology” Finasteride may negatively affect male fertility.
12 citations
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August 2020 in “Annals of Oncology” Androgen deprivation therapy might be better for preventing COVID-19 than treating it.
Long-term finasteride use may affect sperm structure and chromosomes.