June 2026 in “Kocatepe Veterinary Journal” PRP injections may slightly improve testicular development in male lambs.
Testosterone's health effects are complex and not definitively understood.
November 2022 in “International Journal of General Medicine” Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome are more likely to have Non-Alcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease, which is associated with older age, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and high male hormone levels.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Taking biotin can lead to incorrect low results in free testosterone tests.
June 2021 in “EBioMedicine” The authors maintain that shorter androgen receptor alleles may lead to milder COVID-19 by positively affecting the immune response, not due to changes in testosterone levels or activity.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Male pattern baldness may indicate arterial stiffness in transgender men on long-term testosterone therapy.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The study found that imaging might miss small ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and suggested using certain testosterone levels and treatment responses to identify these tumors.
September 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Clomiphene citrate is a cheap and simple treatment for low testosterone that works as well as human chorionic gonadotropin, alone or combined, especially for men who want to keep their fertility.
February 2016 in “PubMed” Properly administered testosterone therapy is safe and effective but often not covered by insurance.
August 2014 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Testosterone and finasteride showed minor cognitive benefits in older men.
January 2014 in “Journal of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine” Resolving acne capsules can reduce acne by improving skin and balancing hormones.
January 2008 in “대한피부과학회지” Androgenetic alopecia is more common in men, linked to genetics and androgen levels, but routine pelvic ultrasound isn't recommended.
April 2006 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual function, mood, and bone density in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on long-term safety.
March 2023 in “Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation” Testosterone and finasteride improve body composition in men with spinal cord injury.
17 citations
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April 2009 in “Andrologia” A boy's early puberty caused by a testicular tumor returned to normal after surgery.
16 citations
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January 2019 in “Pharmaceutical biology” Lespedeza cuneata extract may help treat enlarged prostate.
January 2022 in “World journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Many women with polycystic ovarian disease show symptoms like excessive hair growth, acne, hair loss, and have high levels of certain hormones.
24 citations
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March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
21 citations
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August 1994 in “Clinical endocrinology” 5α-Reductase inhibitors can help treat hair loss, acne, and prostate issues by reducing DHT levels.
19 citations
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January 2019 in “Ginekologia Polska” The combined Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol treatment improved weight, hormone levels, and skin conditions in women with PCOS.
9 citations
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March 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” About 19.4% of Iranian women in the study have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, with the most common type involving irregular periods and high male hormone levels, but their heart and metabolic health is similar to women without the condition.
9 citations
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October 1991 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Testosterone, DHT, and estradiol significantly affect hair cell growth.
2 citations
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May 2006 in “Women's Health Medicine” PCOS is diagnosed when at least two of these three features are present: polycystic ovaries, irregular ovulation, and high androgen levels.
1 citations
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January 2021 in “Prague medical report” Men might have a version of the female disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, shown by changes in hormone levels and early baldness, but more research is needed to fully understand it.
January 2026 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” The severity of female pattern hair loss is linked to how long someone has had it, not to levels of certain nutrients or hormones.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Fenugreek extract may help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.
March 2017 in “Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Abuse of anabolic steroids in Iraqi athletes leads to negative effects on hormones, liver and kidney function, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Female pattern hair loss severity is linked to physical signs of high androgens, not blood hormone levels.
186 citations
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February 2015 in “Frontiers in Neuroscience” Testosterone affects brain behavior in complex and varied ways.
122 citations
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November 2014 in “BMC Medicine” Oral testosterone therapy raises heart risk more than other methods.