11 citations
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May 1990 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Diazoxide applied to the skin can increase hair growth without harmful side effects.
6 citations
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January 2017 in “Dermato-endocrinology” ADT-G may be a useful indicator of increased androgen levels in women with acne and can be lowered with certain birth control pills.
3 citations
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June 2017 in “Reproductive biomedicine online” A certain mutation in the fetal alpha 5-reductase gene is linked to a higher risk of late miscarriage.
1 citations
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July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.
1 citations
,
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.
April 2024 in “Journal of clinical medicine” Classical PCOS types A and B are most common and linked to higher health risks.
October 2023 in “ANNALS OF PAKISTAN MEDICAL & ALLIED PROFESSIONALS” Insulin resistance is strongly linked to higher androgen levels in women with PCOS.
April 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are reliable skin signs of PCOS and suggest the need for further tests for related health issues.
61 citations
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January 2015 in “Hormones” Liraglutide caused significant weight loss in some obese women with PCOS, especially those with severe obesity and insulin resistance.
6 citations
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July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.
1 citations
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January 2001 in “Drug and therapeutics bulletin” The document concludes that management strategies for PCOS are important due to its common occurrence and associated health risks.
July 2020 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Pioglitazone combined with metformin or spironolactone improves PCOS symptoms and insulin resistance.
16 citations
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February 2018 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.
July 2025 in “Archives of Sexual Behavior” Men's facial appearance shows age, body fat, and testosterone levels, not metabolic health.
41 citations
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March 1998 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The enzyme that changes testosterone to a stronger form is mostly found in the part of the hair follicle called the dermal papilla.
4 citations
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January 2007 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Low leptin levels in obese women with high testosterone may indicate a tumor that secretes male hormones.
1 citations
,
September 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” PCOS women have more severe metabolic issues and higher androgen levels than hyperandrogenic women without PCOS.
31 citations
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September 2006 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” New treatments for PCOS focus on insulin resistance and reducing testosterone levels, along with traditional hormone therapies.
1 citations
,
July 2024 in “Human Reproduction” Women with both type 2 diabetes and PCOS have worse metabolic issues but milder reproductive symptoms after sleeve gastrectomy.
14 citations
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April 2024 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” 5α-reductases increase epitestosterone's effect on androgen receptors.
41 citations
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March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.
January 2025 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Diagnosing PCOS is challenging due to its complex and varied symptoms.
4 citations
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September 2025 in “Biomolecules” The effect of GLP-1 RAs on erectile function is unclear and needs more research.
42 citations
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May 2007 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone can build muscle and bone without enlarging the prostate when a specific enzyme is blocked.
21 citations
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January 2021 in “Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone may have a dual role in COVID-19, potentially worsening outcomes in men, and testosterone therapy could help some patients, but more research is needed.
255 citations
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October 1985 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Spironolactone treatment increases the amount of testosterone available in the body.
96 citations
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September 1975 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Hormone levels change during puberty, leading to physical developments like pubic hair and voice changes.
49 citations
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October 1988 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women at higher doses.
32 citations
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May 1987 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Salivary testosterone is a better measure for hirsutism than serum testosterone.
28 citations
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October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.