1 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of Gynecologic Surgery” Removing both ovaries can treat increased testosterone and related symptoms in postmenopausal women with ovarian hyperthecosis.
284 citations
,
February 2008 in “Pediatrics” Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.
36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
31 citations
,
January 2018 in “Pediatric annals” Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.
17 citations
,
October 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” The L457(3.43)R mutation in the human lutropin receptor causes increased activity and hormone insensitivity, leading to precocious puberty.
1 citations
,
September 2025 in “Cureus” ChatGPT-5 can pass the endocrinology exam but isn't fully reliable for clinical decisions yet.
Bicalutamide does not significantly affect liver enzymes and is a safe anti-androgen option for transfeminine individuals.
25 citations
,
March 2004 in “Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology” Using testosterone-stimulated weanling rats can effectively replace castrated rats for anti-androgen testing, reducing animal stress.
1 citations
,
January 2010 in “Endocrine abstracts”
February 2026 in “Cureus” Ciclosporin can cause excessive hair growth even with testosterone blockers.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Ovarian stromal hyperplasia can cause high testosterone in postmenopausal women and is treated by removing the ovaries.
September 2024 in “Brazilian Journal of Case Reports” Clomiphene testing can help find ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women.
7 citations
,
January 2022 in “Case Reports in Endocrinology” Ovarian hyperthecosis can cause symptoms even with normal testosterone levels, and surgery can improve these symptoms.
2 citations
,
January 2014 in “International Journal of Endocrinology” Women with a certain type of tumor had higher levels of pregnancy hormone and male hormones, which decreased after treatment.
41 citations
,
March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.
12 citations
,
July 1957 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Giving dihydrotachysterol to mother rats caused skin hardening and bone issues in their babies through milk.
103 citations
,
June 2006 in “British journal of sports medicine” The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's excessive hair growth was linked to a rare case of high testosterone caused by a prolactin-producing pituitary tumor.
6 citations
,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
65 citations
,
April 2018 in “Oncotarget” Anabolic androgenic steroids can increase cancer risk and disrupt hormones.
February 2016 in “PubMed” Properly administered testosterone therapy is safe and effective but often not covered by insurance.
12 citations
,
January 1987 in “Carcinogenesis” TCDD changes skin cell growth and keratin production in mice.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “International journal of endocrinology” Dihydrotestosterone changes some hormone-related gene expressions in rat pituitary glands but doesn't affect the estrous cycle.
21 citations
,
December 2012 in “Maturitas” Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.
2 citations
,
January 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document explains how sperm cells are produced, the role of testosterone in this process, and how toxins can reduce sperm count and fertility.
105 citations
,
June 2010 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone undecanoate increases lean mass and causes various physical changes in female-to-male transsexuals.
10 citations
,
December 2019 in “in Vivo” Testosterone makes the connections in the uterus lining simpler and lowers certain protein levels, which might lead to infertility.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
2 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals” The conclusion is that tritium-labeled testosterone metabolites can be made and are better converted into dihydrotestosterone in skin cells than in prostate tissue.
37 citations
,
February 2013 in “Maturitas” Testosterone therapy is beneficial for women's health and does not cause masculinization or liver damage, and it protects the heart and breasts.