10 citations
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November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
1 citations
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January 2001 in “PubMed” Mechanoreceptors convert physical touch into electrical signals through specialized nerve structures.
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Sonic hedgehog signaling is needed for the development of touch-receptor cells in the skin, and the loss of Polycomb repressive complex 2 can lead to more of these cells.
18 citations
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May 1988 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Itraconazole helps improve tough skin infections but may not prevent them from coming back.
March 2006 in “The FASEB Journal” Two methods improved nerve regeneration and touch recovery in skin grafts for burn patients.
59 citations
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December 2016 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Acne keloidalis nuchae is a tough-to-treat condition that greatly affects quality of life, especially in men of African descent.
39 citations
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August 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” Stem cell therapy may help treat tough hair loss cases.
27 citations
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May 2019 in “Cosmetics” The hair cuticle is made of tough proteins that protect the hair, but more research is needed to fully understand its structure.
4 citations
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September 2022 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Baricitinib helped some patients with tough-to-treat hair loss regrow hair, but more research is needed on its safety.
1 citations
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September 2025 in “Scientific Reports” The new gel improves treatment of tough skin infections.
September 2025 in “Chemical Engineering Journal” A new sustainable polyester is tough, recyclable, biodegradable, and aids wound healing, supporting a circular economy.
July 2011 in “Microscopy and microanalysis” Human hair's structure makes it tough and resistant to breaking.
Anti-androgens can help treat tough skin conditions like severe acne and excessive hair growth.
9 citations
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October 1994 in “Brain Research” Fetal sheep develop skin nerve pathways and responses to touch and heat between 75 and 134 days of gestation.
11 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP10 proteins help form the hair shaft's tough outer layer by interacting with specific hair keratins.
May 2020 in “JAAD case reports” Using anthralin and calcipotriene together might help treat tough cases of alopecia areata, but more research is needed to understand how it works.
7 citations
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October 2023 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery” Robotics in facial injections offers precision but is costly and lacks personal touch.
7 citations
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April 2020 in “Curēus” Combining hair transplantation with microneedling or laser and UV light may help treat tough vitiligo on hands and feet, with microneedling being affordable and easy to learn.
June 2012 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” Japanese researchers created new hair follicles from human cells that grew hair when put into mice, and other findings showed a link between eye disease severity and corneal thickness, gene mutations affecting hearing and touch, and the safety of the shingles vaccine for adults over 50.
14 citations
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December 2010 in “Dermatologica Sinica” New treatments for hair loss show promise, but more development is needed, especially for tough cases.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” FGFR2 signaling controls Merkel cell formation in different skin regions.
4 citations
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August 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Ergonomic improvements in hair transplant surgery reduce discomfort for surgeons and may improve patient outcomes.
November 2023 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology/Indian journal of dermatology” A well-equipped resident's bag enhances clinical skills, preparation, confidence, and learning for junior doctors.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Scientists created skin-like structures from stem cells that include features like hair and sweat glands.
January 2020 in “VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University)” Sex hormone antibodies can help identify male and female contributors in forensic samples.
Hedgehog signaling can create new hair follicles in adult skin but may increase cancer risk.
Hedgehog signaling can create new hair follicles but may also cause tumors.
200 citations
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November 1997 in “Planta” Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.
85 citations
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July 2012 in “Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology” The skin protects the body and is constantly renewed by stem cells; disruptions can lead to cancer.
8 citations
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March 2016 in “Hair transplant forum international” The new FUE device improves hair transplant safety and efficiency.