2 citations
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March 2018 in “BMJ Case Reports” Check hormone levels in older women to find hidden conditions like certain tumors.
February 2021 in “Journal of nursing education and practice” Women and men experience different quality of life and symptom distress after kidney transplant with immunosuppressive therapy.
1 citations
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September 1981 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats virilized women, especially under 35, despite some side effects.
53 citations
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January 1986 in “Endocrinology” Blocking a specific enzyme in male rat fetuses leads to the development of nipples and feminized genitalia.
75 citations
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February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
36 citations
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May 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treatment with a hormone agonist can reduce excess male hormones in postmenopausal women without surgery.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
August 2025 in “Editora Pasteur eBooks” Combining conventional and integrative treatments can help reduce hair loss and improve hair growth in women with androgenic alopecia.
April 2022 in “Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu” The conclusion is that sex-verification in sports was harmful and changes have been made to address this.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
8 citations
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November 2019 in “Dermatologic Clinics” AGA treatments like minoxidil and LLLLT are safe and effective for gender minority patients.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss and hirsutism.
January 2024 in “Journal of surgical case reports” Removing an adrenal tumor can significantly reduce high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.
November 2023 in “JCEM Case Reports” A postmenopausal woman's excess male hormone symptoms improved after her ovaries were removed.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A young patient with unusual insulin resistance and high testosterone levels had a rare INSR gene mutation.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A postmenopausal woman had rare symptoms due to a possible ovarian tumor, needing thorough evaluation.
99 citations
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June 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help some postmenopausal women with symptoms like fatigue and low libido, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects.
3 citations
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May 2011 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” A woman's pelvic pain and bleeding led to finding and successfully treating a rare benign tumor in her reproductive system.
May 2024 in “Reactions weekly”
32 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of neurochemistry” Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.
6 citations
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July 2018 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” A woman had a rare liver tumor causing male-like physical changes, highlighting the need for thorough checks when such symptoms appear.
30 citations
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July 2023 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Understanding sex and gender differences can improve personalized dermatology care.
1 citations
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July 2001 in “Pediatrics in review” The girl has a hormonal imbalance causing increased hair growth and other male characteristics.
January 2011 in “Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism/Journal of pediatric endocrinology and metabolism” Hyperthyroidism can hide signs of high androgen levels in females.
May 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Testosterone significantly affects urination differences between male and female mice.
February 2026 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” 23 citations
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March 1958 in “JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute” Male-to-female skin grafts in mice are rejected due to sex-linked antigens.
10 citations
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April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
May 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Sublingual minoxidil safely increases hair growth in transgender people on testosterone therapy.
41 citations
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November 2003 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Male hormones, or androgens, affect women's health in areas like mood and bone density, and hormone replacement therapy using antiandrogenic progestogens can improve mood disorders and alertness in menopausal women.