282 citations
,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
November 2024 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas”
28 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
10 citations
,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
January 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Hair transplants improve self-esteem and quality of life in women with hair loss.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy is effective and safe for women with low sexual desire, but it's hard to access.
94 citations
,
April 2002 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” A new gene mutation causes female pseudohermaphroditism due to glucocorticoid resistance.
8 citations
,
February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
1 citations
,
April 2022 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery” India is seeing more cases of gender incongruence and changes in how it's understood and managed legally and medically.
June 2023 in “Sri Lanka Journal of Menopause”
4 citations
,
December 2012 in “Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia” A postmenopausal woman's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a hormone-producing ovarian tumor.
6 citations
,
May 1994 in “Hair transplant forum international” Women can also experience hair loss due to hormone changes.
June 2018 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Proper management of the dilation program is crucial after male-to-female reassignment surgery.
36 citations
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January 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone may help increase sexual events for women with low libido due to antidepressants.
21 citations
,
December 1977 in “Journal of pediatric surgery” Individuals with male pseudohermaphroditism often do better raised as females with early surgery.
24 citations
,
March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
25 citations
,
June 2023 in “Biomedicines” Men generally face more severe COVID-19 outcomes than women, partly due to hormonal differences.
3 citations
,
October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Testosterone Replacement Therapy can improve sexual health in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on its long-term effects.
January 2025 in “Human Reproduction Open” 25% of premenopausal women with Type 1 diabetes have undiagnosed androgen excess disorders.
6 citations
,
March 2021 in “Frontiers in surgery” A woman's symptoms of increased body hair and testosterone were caused by a rare adrenal tumor, which was removed successfully.
July 2025 in “AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes” Ovarian hyperthecosis caused high testosterone and virilization symptoms in a 60-year-old woman, which improved after surgery.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The case highlights the complexity of diagnosing high testosterone in older women and the need for thorough testing.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A man's rare adrenal tumor caused feminization and white hair, was removed surgically, and improved after treatment.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
2 citations
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March 2018 in “BMJ Case Reports” Check hormone levels in older women to find hidden conditions like certain tumors.
January 2018 in “Georg Thieme Verlag eBooks” Gender affirmation surgery improves personal appearance and self-esteem.