1 citations
,
October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The case highlights the complexity of diagnosing high testosterone in older women and the need for thorough testing.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A man's rare adrenal tumor caused feminization and white hair, was removed surgically, and improved after treatment.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
2 citations
,
March 2018 in “BMJ Case Reports” Check hormone levels in older women to find hidden conditions like certain tumors.
January 2018 in “Georg Thieme Verlag eBooks” Gender affirmation surgery improves personal appearance and self-esteem.
8 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.
41 citations
,
November 2003 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Male hormones, or androgens, affect women's health in areas like mood and bone density, and hormone replacement therapy using antiandrogenic progestogens can improve mood disorders and alertness in menopausal women.
1 citations
,
April 2024 in “Archives of disease in childhood” Many children and teens referred to gender services receive hormone treatments, but more research is needed on their long-term care and outcomes.
20 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
November 2021 in “Khyber Medical University Journal” A rare ovarian tumor caused a postmenopausal woman to develop male-like features, which improved after surgery.
April 2006 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual function, mood, and bone density in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on long-term safety.
15 citations
,
May 2004 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” The document concludes that while "hair follicle cloning" shows promise for unlimited donor hair, it faces challenges with consistency and safety in humans.
4 citations
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May 2004 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Hair transplantation helps women with hair loss; understanding and empathy lead to happy patients.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's masculine features were caused by a rare ovarian tumor that produced male hormones.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
1 citations
,
October 2021 in “LGBT health” The review discusses how facial masculinization surgeries are done and their costs.
51 citations
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
2 citations
,
August 2011 in “Revista Medica De Chile” A postmenopausal woman's high testosterone levels and symptoms improved after removing a tumor from her ovary.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome much later than usual, leading to a call for earlier detection and treatment guidelines.
437 citations
,
August 2014 in “Cell metabolism” Turning white fat into brown-like fat could help fight obesity and type 2 diabetes.
2 citations
,
February 2023 in “Transgenic Research” The E2 protein affects gene activity in hair follicles of mice.
July 2012 in “European journal of cancer” MPA increases cancer spread by boosting Eph A2 activity.
4 citations
,
December 2018 in “Case reports in endocrinology” A 63-year-old woman's male-like symptoms were caused by a rare testosterone-producing ovarian tumor, treated by removing her ovaries and fallopian tubes.
30 citations
,
April 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire if monitored carefully.
3 citations
,
January 2008 in “Endocrine journal” A new mutation linked to partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and prostate cancer was found in a patient unhappy with their female gender assignment.
May 2023 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Ovarian Hyperthecosis caused hypersexuality in an older woman and was successfully treated with surgery.
1 citations
,
May 2018 in “Clinical chemistry” The girl's unexpected pubic hair growth led to a diagnosis different from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
1 citations
,
November 1995 in “Postgraduate medical journal” A Saudi individual initially identified as a girl had a genetic disorder affecting gender development.
March 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Surgery removed ovarian tumors, normalizing testosterone and improving symptoms.