18 citations
,
March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
February 2026 in “Toxicology Letters” MK-0773 is a moderate inhibitor of the SRD5A2 enzyme.
70 citations
,
April 2014 in “Annales d'endocrinologie” New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.
21 citations
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April 2011 in “Physiological Research” Normal levels of DHT can reduce belly fat and increase muscle, but too much can lead to hair loss, prostate issues, and possibly heart disease.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
31 citations
,
January 2001 in “PubMed” September 1978 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry”
42 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” The main cause of excessive hair growth in Turkish women is Polycystic ovary syndrome, but in about one fifth of cases, the reason for high male hormone levels is unknown.
4 citations
,
January 2006 in “PubMed” DHT deficiency may disrupt rat epididymis function by affecting estrogen receptors.
March 2026 in “Seven Editora eBooks” Testosterone creams and gels can be effective but have serious risks and should be used only with medical supervision.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
64 citations
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March 1984 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Cyproterone acetate effectively reduced hair growth in hirsute patients by lowering androgen levels and altering androgen metabolism.
306 citations
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August 2011 in “Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle” Enobosarm significantly increased muscle mass and improved physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women without serious side effects.
8 citations
,
March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Adding estrogen increased bone mass in a transsexual man undergoing hormone therapy.
May 2023 in “Problems of Endocrinology” Men with high testosterone may have higher morning blood pressure, unlike those with high DHT.
11 citations
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January 2000 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” LY320236 is a strong blocker of two enzymes that change testosterone into dihydrotestosterone and might help treat conditions related to male hormones.
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February 2026 in “European Urology” 31 citations
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October 1971 in “Steroids” Human beard hair follicles change testosterone into other related hormones, but don't much change androstenedione into testosterone.
37 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” A substance called Compound 2g can strongly block STS (a hormone-related enzyme) without affecting estrogen levels, making it potentially good for treating breast cancer.
June 2023 in “Sri Lanka Journal of Menopause”
8 citations
,
July 2017 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” DHT affects testicular development and regulates spermatogenesis in some fish.
11 citations
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December 2018 in “Assay and Drug Development Technologies” Natural herbal compounds might treat certain medical conditions by reducing DHT levels, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.
Testosterone pellet therapy may better address hormone imbalances in aging by focusing on local hormone production and symptom relief.
55 citations
,
June 2012 in “Steroids” Testosterone affects vascular cells directly without converting to estradiol.
24 citations
,
October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” Testosterone protects female heart cells from stress by activating estrogen receptors.
7 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” 408 citations
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May 2004 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dutasteride more effectively lowers DHT levels in men with enlarged prostates than finasteride.
10 citations
,
August 2014 in “Skin research and technology” Sleep, testosterone levels, and a specific enzyme activity affect skin oil production in women.
25 citations
,
May 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” About one-third of dermatology patients in Ankara, Turkey use unconventional treatments for skin issues.