19 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Comparative Physiology A” Spider joint hair sensilla are adapted to sense movement during walking.
August 2022 in “Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics” A girl with a rare genetic disorder had a unique bone condition, highlighting the need for careful diagnosis and suggesting the disorder might be more common than thought.
9 citations
,
January 1989 in “Journal of Small Animal Practice” Abyssinian cats can have a hair abnormality that makes their coat look rough and dull.
28 citations
,
October 2013 in “Cornea” Scientists have made progress in creating replacement teeth, hair, and glands that work, which could lead to new treatments for missing teeth, baldness, and dryness conditions.
July 2026 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tissue stiffness affects sweat gland development by guiding cell differentiation through specific signals.
49 citations
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August 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Overexpressing the MSX-2 gene in mice causes skin and hair growth issues.
May 2018 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Mutations in the FOXN1 gene cause severe immune issues but don't affect hair and nails.
8 citations
,
April 1981 in “American Journal of Orthodontics” Orthodontic appliances can cause hair loss due to pressure.
30 citations
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January 2013 in “Human Mutation” A mutation in the HOXC13 gene causes hair and nail problems in a Syrian family.
19 citations
,
August 2013 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Children's hairlines change shape as they grow, with women often developing a widow's peak and men's hairlines becoming more convex and possibly balding at the temples, influenced by genetics and hormones.
May 2026 in “Journal of International Medical Research” Atrichia with papular lesions causes irreversible hair loss from infancy and is often misdiagnosed.
June 2008 in “The Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University)” Smad2 and Smad3 are essential for normal skin development, and their absence causes severe skin issues and cancer.
December 2025 in “Journal of Human Immunity” JAK inhibitors may help improve symptoms in adults with APECED.
September 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Not having enough cystatin M/E protein causes less hair growth and dry skin.
10 citations
,
January 1995 in “Dermatology” Dermatologists should consider congenital syndromes like TRPS in young adults with early hair loss.
2 citations
,
October 2018 in “The journal of pediatrics/The Journal of pediatrics” The document concludes that specific hair and blood vessel abnormalities in infants with seizures and developmental issues may indicate Menkes disease, which lacks a cure and is often fatal by age 3.
9 citations
,
November 2014 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A 15-year-old girl with rare reproductive disorders received hormone therapy to develop secondary sexual traits, but infertility persisted.
17 citations
,
September 2010 in “Pediatric dermatology” A 15-year-old with KID syndrome developed a rare skin condition called PEHFN.
March 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Minoxidil treatment improves heart defects in a DiGeorge syndrome model.
32 citations
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January 2017 in “Orphanet journal of rare diseases” FOXN1 gene mutations cause a rare, severe immune disease treatable with cell or tissue transplants.
66 citations
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October 2002 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” A gene mutation in mice causes skin defects and early death.
1 citations
,
July 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Tofacitinib helps improve skin conditions in people with Down syndrome, especially alopecia areata.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Dermatology” JAK inhibitors may help treat certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The patient with a misplaced pituitary gland and interrupted pituitary stalk is being treated with hormone replacement.
May 2024 in “International journal of surgery case reports” A man had a large, rare cyst in his mouth removed after 10 years, which fixed his swallowing and breathing problems.
11 citations
,
January 2017 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 directly affects cartilage growth and development.
1 citations
,
July 2023 in “Communications biology” Removing Mediator 1 from certain mouse cells causes teeth to grow hair instead of enamel.
12 citations
,
November 1987 in “Pediatric dermatology” Four children had unmanageable pale blond hair due to uncombable-hair syndrome.
11 citations
,
September 2010 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics - Part A” A Turkish family with sparse hair and eyebrow loss has a mutation in the U2HR gene linked to Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis.
6 citations
,
February 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Upadacitinib improved hair regrowth and quality of life in alopecia areata patients with minimal side effects.