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Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.

A 22-year-old woman with a rare genetic condition was successfully treated to develop normal female characteristics and regular menstruation.

Testosterone increases certain kidney protein levels, potentially raising blood pressure.

A new mutation linked to partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and prostate cancer was found in a patient unhappy with their female gender assignment.

Dermoscopy helps diagnose unusual skin lesions like osteonevus of Nanta and can prevent misdiagnosis of serious conditions.

A boy with a rare form of early puberty caused by a new gene mutation responded well to treatment aimed at reducing testosterone and preserving adult height.

A 12-year-old boy in rural south India had a rare skin condition causing hair loss and inability to sweat.

Females with 5 alpha-reductase-2 deficiency have less body hair, no acne, normal fertility, and delayed menarche.

A patient with untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia had large benign tumors in her adrenal glands removed, improving her symptoms.

Rat skin takes up and processes testosterone differently than other organs, with testosterone being more important for the skin than its metabolite 5α-DHT.

A woman with a rare ovarian tumor and hyperparathyroidism improved after surgery, highlighting the need for reporting unusual cases to understand and manage rare diseases.

Leydig cell tumors can cause hormone issues in postmenopausal women even if imaging looks normal.

A postmenopausal woman's high testosterone levels and symptoms improved after removing a tumor from her ovary.

Removing one ovary helped treat a woman's severe PCOS symptoms when medicine didn't work.

Imiquimod 5% cream may not work for treating scrotal extramammary Paget disease.

A mild botulinum toxin injection improved sperm production and movement in aging mice.

A new mutation in the XEDAR gene might cause a rare skin condition called hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

Careful diagnosis is crucial in premature pubarche cases, as 20% have other conditions.

Medical treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy can harm sperm production, so freezing sperm before treatment is important for men who want children later.

Testosterone and letrozole treatment speeds up puberty in boys with delayed development.

A boy's hair loss improved after tumor removal and vitamin D treatment, but hair loss returned despite normal vitamin D and no tumor regrowth.

Men may experience long-term sexual dysfunction after stopping Finasteride.

Thorough evaluations and conservative management can lead to positive outcomes in pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma.

In post-menopausal women, signs of increased male hormones should be checked for possible ovarian cancer.

A point mutation in the androgen receptor gene causes complete androgen insensitivity.

Uterine transplants for transgender women are feasible but need more research.

Eruptive vellus hair cysts are rare, benign skin lesions that are hard to treat.

A young man's cheek papule was identified as a benign hair follicle tumor using a skin surface microscope.

Ambras syndrome's genetic cause is unknown, as it isn't linked to androgen levels.