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September 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Apremilast did not work for treating severe alopecia areata.
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September 2011 in “Biochemical journal” Neurotrophin-4 increases calcium current in specific mouse neurons through the PI3K pathway.
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February 2012 in “The American Journal of Human Genetics” A specific ATR gene mutation is linked to a hereditary oropharyngeal cancer syndrome.
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October 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Acne patients have higher levels of mTOR in their skin, which could be linked to future metabolic disease.
May 2005 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis” mrp/plf-mRNA can indicate tumor-promoting effects in skin.
June 2025 in “Biomolecules” RORA affects hair follicle stem cells' structure and movement, potentially helping treat hair loss.
August 2012 in “Nature Cell Biology” The tumor suppressor BRCA2 helps in cell division by bringing key proteins to the area where cells split.
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July 2015 in “Molecular Medicine Reports” Lysophosphatidic acid boosts stem cell growth and movement by creating reactive oxygen species.
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July 2011 in “PubMed” TRPS1 is crucial for bone, kidney, and hair follicle development.
September 2025 in “Animals” The KRTAP22-2 gene in sheep does not significantly affect wool traits.
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March 1998 in “Oncogene” Overexpression of E2F1 can lead to skin tumors and disrupt hair growth.
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June 2014 in “Molecular biology reports” KAP9.2 and Hoxc13 genes are important for cashmere growth and vary in activity during different stages.
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May 2022 in “Genes & Diseases” 24 citations
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May 2009 in “The FASEB Journal” Akt2 and SGK3 are both important for normal hair growth and development.
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April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Oral JAK inhibitors improved alopecia areata by modulating immune responses and boosting hair growth.
Sox13 is a marker for early hair follicle development but not essential for skin and hair growth.
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March 2026 in “Frontiers in Veterinary Science” All-trans retinoic acid slows cell growth and increases cell death in goat hair follicles through a specific pathway.
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January 1995 in “European Journal of Neuroscience” Glycine is a key transmitter in rat spinal cord synapses, often alongside GABA.
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June 2003 in “The EMBO Journal” Phospholipase Cδ1 is crucial for normal skin and hair development.
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October 2016 in “Cell death and differentiation” ΔNp63α stops TAp73β from working in skin cancer by blocking its access to specific genes, not by directly interacting with it.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” BAP1 mutations are rare in pediatric melanocytic tumors and may develop later in life.
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May 2023 in “EMBO reports” High mTORC1 activity slows hair growth and causes it to lose color.
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January 2013 in “Journal of skin cancer” PKC ε increases hair follicle stem cell turnover and may raise skin cancer risk.
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September 2022 in “Plant Cell & Environment” Iron affects root hair growth in Arabidopsis during phosphate deficiency by influencing auxin signaling and vesicle trafficking.
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October 2011 in “Analytical biochemistry” Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
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July 2007 in “Circulation Research” Defects in certain proteins cause major heart abnormalities during early development.
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October 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” VDAC2 promotes cell death in cashmere goat hair follicles through the P53 pathway.