Alopecia Areata
November 2025
in “
Nature Reviews Disease Primers
”
Research cited in this study
100 / 100 resultsresearch Quality of Life, Psychosocial Difficulties and Bullying in Pediatric Patients with Alopecia Areata: A European Cross-Sectional Study
Adolescents with alopecia areata face more bullying and emotional challenges, needing support to improve their quality of life.
research Perceived Stigma Among Adults With Alopecia Areata In The United States
Alopecia areata causes significant stigma and emotional distress, with many affected individuals not receiving adequate support or treatment.
research Psychosocial Burden and the Impact of Illness Perceptions and Stigma on Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression in Alopecia Areata: Results from the Alopecia + Me Study
research Psychosocial and Occupational Burden on Caregivers of Adolescents With Alopecia Areata in Australia
Caregivers of teens with alopecia areata face significant mental and work-related challenges.
research Comparison of Dermatology Life Quality Index Scores in Adults and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata affects quality of life more in adolescents than adults.
research Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Topical Mometasone 0.1% Ointment, Calcipotriol 0.005% Ointment, and Tacrolimus 0.1% Ointment in Patients with Localized Alopecia Areata: A Triple-Arm Randomized Clinical Study
Calcipotriol is the safest and most effective for hair regrowth in localized alopecia areata.
research Patient-Reported Outcome Improvements Following Scalp Hair Regrowth Among Patients With Alopecia Areata: Analysis of the ALLEGRO-2b/3 Trial
research The Role of Minoxidil in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Minoxidil shows promise for alopecia areata, but more research is needed before it can be recommended as a primary treatment.
research Baricitinib Withdrawal and Retreatment in Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata
Continuous baricitinib is needed to keep hair regrowth in severe alopecia areata.
research Alopecia Areata Exhibits Cutaneous And Systemic OX40 Activation Across Atopic Backgrounds
Alopecia areata patients show increased inflammation and OX40 activation, suggesting a new treatment target.
research Lifetime Incidence and Healthcare Disparities in Alopecia Areata: A UK Population-Based Cohort Study
Alopecia areata affects 1 in 50 people, with non-White ethnic groups experiencing the most impact on mental health and work.
research Dupilumab Induces Hair Regrowth in Pediatric Alopecia Areata: A Real-World, Single-Center Observational Study
Dupilumab helps children with alopecia areata regrow hair safely.
research Efficacy and Safety of Deuruxolitinib, an Oral Selective Janus Kinase Inhibitor, in Adults with Alopecia Areata: Results from the Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial (THRIVE-AA1)
Deuruxolitinib effectively promotes hair regrowth in adults with alopecia areata.
research Dupilumab for the treatment of alopecia areata in pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: A scoping review
research Association Between Natural Hair Color, Race, And Alopecia
Darker hair colors may increase the risk of alopecia areata, while lighter hair colors may decrease it.
research Retracted: Genetic Association Between Asthma and Alopecia Areata: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Asthma may increase the risk of alopecia areata.
research Psychosocial and mental impact of alopecia areata: Analysis of the Danish Skin Cohort
research Improvement in Measures of Quality of Life and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata Achieving Sustained Scalp Hair Regrowth with Baricitinib
Baricitinib improves quality of life and reduces anxiety and depression in severe alopecia areata patients with hair regrowth.
research Evaluation of quality of life scores and family impact scales in pediatric patients with alopecia areata: a cross‐sectional cohort study
research Ruxolitinib 1.5% Topical Cream for the Treatment of Pediatric Alopecia Areata
research Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata: 104-Week Results From BRAVE-AA1 and BRAVE-AA2
Baricitinib is effective and safe for long-term use in severe alopecia areata, improving hair regrowth and quality of life with few side effects.
research Integrated Safety Analysis of Ritlecitinib, an Oral JAK3/TEC Family Kinase Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata from the ALLEGRO Clinical Trial Program
Ritlecitinib is safe and well-tolerated for treating alopecia areata in patients aged 12 and older.
research Mendelian Randomization Study Highlights Hypothyroidism as a Causal Determinant of Alopecia Areata
The study suggests that hypothyroidism may cause alopecia areata.
research European Expert Consensus Statement on the Systemic Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Baricitinib and ritlecitinib are recommended for severe alopecia areata, with other treatments available off-label.
research Alopecia Areata and Season of Onset: A Retrospective Study of 492 Cases
Winter-onset alopecia areata patients are more likely to regrow hair within a year compared to spring-onset patients.
research A clinical investigation of early‐onset alopecia areata in children: Onset earlier than 4 years of age might have a better short‐term prognosis
This study examined early-onset alopecia areata (AA) in 162 children, particularly those diagnosed before age 4, and found that these children might have a better short-term prognosis. The study revealed that 73 patients achieved more than 75% hair regrowth, with 29 achieving full regrowth. A significant relationship was found between early age of onset and positive treatment response, suggesting that earlier onset might lead to better outcomes. Factors such as the extent of scalp involvement and nail abnormalities were linked to poor prognosis. The study emphasizes the potential benefits of early treatment initiation in young children, although further research is needed to confirm these findings and address limitations such as the retrospective design and lack of long-term data.
research Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial Enrollment and Retention Outcome Factors Among Underrepresented Ethnic and Racial Groups: A Cross-Sectional Study
Clinical trials for alopecia areata need better inclusion and retention of patients of color.
research Incidence and Prevalence of Alopecia Areata in the Australian Primary Care Setting: A Retrospective Analysis of Electronic Health Record Data
The analysis found that alopecia areata, a hair loss condition, is not very common in Australia, affecting about 0.13% of people, with new cases most often seen in males aged 19 to 34 years.
research Incidence Rates of Infections, Malignancies, Thromboembolism, and Cardiovascular Events in an Alopecia Areata Cohort from a US Claims Database
People with Alopecia Areata have more herpes simplex infections but similar rates of cancer, blood clots, and heart disease compared to those without it.
research The Invisible Impact of a Visible Disease: Psychosocial Impact of Alopecia Areata
research Efficacy and Safety of Ritlecitinib in Adults and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Multicentre, Phase 2b–3 Trial
Ritlecitinib effectively treats alopecia areata and is well-tolerated.
research Trends in Prevalence and Incidence of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Among Adults and Children in a US Employer-Sponsored Insured Population
Alopecia areata and its severe forms are becoming more common, especially among females, adults, and people in the Northeast.
research Involvement of ILC1-Like Innate Lymphocytes in Human Autoimmunity: Lessons from Alopecia Areata
ILC1-like cells can independently cause alopecia areata.
research Alopecia areata in underrepresented groups: preliminary analysis of the all of us research program
research Integrative and Mechanistic Approach to the Hair Growth Cycle and Hair Loss
A holistic approach is needed to effectively address hair loss by understanding and influencing the hair growth cycle.
research Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents With Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review
Alopecia areata significantly worsens quality of life in children, causing embarrassment and social issues.
research Nonscarring Alopecias
research Alopecia Areata and Risk of Atopic and Autoimmune Conditions: Population-Based Cohort Study
People with alopecia areata are more likely to have other immune-related conditions.
research Beyond The Hot Comb: Updates In Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, And Treatment Of Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia From 2011 To 2021
research Prevalence, Comorbidities, and Treatment Patterns of Japanese Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Descriptive Study Using Japan Medical Data Center Claims Database
Alopecia areata is becoming more common in Japan, with a need for better treatments, especially for severe and pediatric cases.
research Scalp Biomarkers During Dupilumab Treatment Support Th2 Pathway Pathogenicity in Alopecia Areata
Dupilumab treatment reduces Th2-related markers and helps hair growth in alopecia areata, showing Th2's role in the condition.
research Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in Adult Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata With or Without an Atopic Background From Two Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trials
Baricitinib is effective and safe for severe alopecia areata, working similarly with or without an atopic background.
research Analysis of Alopecia Areata Surveys Suggests a Threshold for Improved Patient-Reported Outcomes
A SALT score of ≤ 20 indicates meaningful improvement in alopecia areata treatment.
research Epidemiological, Clinical, and Trichoscopic Features of Syphilitic Alopecia: A Retrospective Analysis and Systematic Review
About 11% of patients with secondary syphilis had Syphilitic Alopecia, which usually improved with treatment.
research Lifestyle Factors Involved in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata
Certain daily habits like stress, diet, and sleep can affect the severity of hair loss in alopecia areata.
research Ritlecitinib And Brepocitinib Demonstrate Significant Improvement In Scalp Alopecia Areata Biomarkers
Two drugs, ritlecitinib and brepocitinib, improved scalp hair loss condition markers.
research Patient Perspectives of the Social, Emotional and Functional Impact of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Literature Review
Alopecia areata greatly harms quality of life, causing emotional and social issues.
research Telogen Effluvium: A Review of the Science and Current Obstacles
The document concludes that we need more research to understand Telogen Effluvium and find effective treatments.
research Common Causes of Hair Loss: Clinical Manifestations, Trichoscopy, and Therapy
The document concludes that understanding and treating hair loss requires recognizing its various types and using appropriate diagnostic tools and treatments.
research Utility of Azathioprine, Methotrexate, and Cyclosporine as Steroid-Sparing Agents in Chronic Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Study of Continuation Rates in 138 Patients
Azathioprine is the most continued treatment for chronic alopecia areata over a year, often with added low-dose prednisolone.
research Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata
Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
research Efficacy of Antihistamines in Combination with Topical Corticosteroid and Superficial Cryotherapy for Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Adding antihistamines to topical corticosteroid and cryotherapy may improve hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients.
research The Alopecia Areata Investigator Global Assessment Scale: A Measure for Evaluating Clinically Meaningful Success in Clinical Trials
The AA-IGA scale reliably measures treatment success in alopecia areata by considering both clinician and patient views.
research Female Androgenetic Alopecia: An Update on Diagnosis and Management
FAGA diagnosis uses blood tests and trichoscopy, with treatments like topical minoxidil, oral anti-androgens, and hormone-modulating drugs.
research Topical Calcipotriol vs Narrowband Ultraviolet B in Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Randomized-Controlled Trial
Both topical calcipotriol and narrowband UVB improved alopecia, but combining them didn't enhance the effect on hair loss severity, despite higher vitamin D3 levels.
research All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Risks Associated With Alopecia Areata
People with alopecia areata have similar overall death rates as others but higher risks of death from self-harm, psychiatric issues, and lung cancer in certain cases.
research Treatment of Alopecia Areata: An Australian Expert Consensus Statement
Alopecia areata treatment varies, with no optimal method established yet.
research Recalcitrant Alopecia Areata Responsive to Leflunomide and Anthralin—Potentially Undiscovered JAK/STAT Inhibitors?
Leflunomide and anthralin may effectively treat severe alopecia areata.
research Hair Regrowth Outcomes of Contact Immunotherapy for Patients With Alopecia Areata
Contact immunotherapy can improve hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients.
research Comorbidities in Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
People with alopecia areata often have other health issues like skin diseases, metabolic syndrome, stomach infections, lupus, anemia, thyroid problems, mental health issues, vitamin D deficiency, and hearing and eye problems.
research An Integrated Model of Alopecia Areata Biomarkers Highlights Both TH1 and TH2 Upregulation
Alopecia areata severity is linked to increased TH1 and TH2 activity.
research Topical 2% Tofacitinib for Children with Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis
Applying 2% tofacitinib cream helped some children with severe hair loss grow back hair.
research An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Moderate to Severe Patch-Type Alopecia Areata, Totalis, and Universalis
Tofacitinib may help treat severe hair loss, but more research is needed.
research Nail Changes in Alopecia Areata: An Update and Review
Nail problems are common in people with alopecia areata, often leading to cosmetic and functional issues, but more research is needed for treatment guidelines.
research Race and Alopecia Areata Amongst US Women
Black and Hispanic women are more likely to have alopecia areata than white women.
research Objective Outcome Measures: Collecting Meaningful Data on Alopecia Areata
The document suggests using standardized methods to track and measure hair loss in alopecia areata, including patient self-assessment and a 50% improvement in specific scores as a treatment goal.
research Tofacitinib 2% Ointment, a Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Pilot Study of 10 Patients
Tofacitinib 2% ointment helped hair regrow in 3 out of 10 patients with alopecia areata, but caused side effects like scalp irritation and raised cholesterol in some.
research Topical Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Pediatric Alopecia Areata
Topical JAK inhibitors may help children with alopecia areata regrow hair.
research Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review
Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.
research Bilateral Half-Head Comparison of 1% Anthralin Ointment in Children with Alopecia Areata
1% anthralin ointment is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata in children.
research Oral Ruxolitinib Induces Hair Regrowth in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Alopecia Areata
Ruxolitinib effectively regrows hair in most patients with severe hair loss.
research Diagnosis and Management of Hair Loss in Children
Children's hair loss can be caused by various factors and should be treated with appropriate, age-specific methods and psychological support.
research All Hairstyles Are Not Created Equal: What the Dermatologist Needs to Know About Black Hairstyling Practices and the Risk of Traction Alopecia
Certain black hairstyling practices increase the risk of traction alopecia, requiring better management and education.
research Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Whose Receptor-Mediated Signaling May Be Defective in Alopecia Areata, Provides Protection from Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Collapse
A substance called VIP might protect hair follicles from being attacked by the immune system, and problems with VIP signaling could lead to hair loss in alopecia areata.
research A Comparative Study of Oral Cyclosporine and Betamethasone Minipulse Therapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Oral cyclosporine is more effective and safer than betamethasone for treating alopecia areata.
research Quality of Life in Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Alopecia areata significantly lowers quality of life, especially in personal and social areas, and more so if the patient is also depressed.
research Topical Ruxolitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Universalis
Topical Ruxolitinib may safely treat severe hair loss.
research Retrospective Review of Diphencyprone in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Diphencyprone helped most patients with alopecia areata regrow some hair.
research Alopecia: Children Are Not Just Little People
Hair loss in children is diagnosed and treated differently than in adults, with different common causes and a focus on less invasive methods.
research The Role of Lymphocytes in the Development and Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.
research Alopecia Areata Profiling Shows TH1, TH2, and IL-23 Cytokine Activation Without Parallel TH17/TH22 Skewing
Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.
research Congenital Triangular Alopecia: Is It Always Confined to the Fronto-Temporal Region?
Congenital triangular alopecia can occur outside the typical fronto-temporal region.
research Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Alopecia Areata: Missing Link?
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are a key factor in causing hair loss in alopecia areata and could help differentiate it from other hair loss conditions.
research Clinical Observations in Alopecia Areata: Implications and Hypotheses
Understanding alopecia areata's patterns can improve future research and treatments.
research Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition
Alopecia areata can be reversed by JAK inhibitors, promoting hair regrowth.
research Clobetasol Propionate, 0.05%, vs Hydrocortisone, 1%, for Alopecia Areata in Children
Clobetasol propionate, 0.05%, is more effective and safe for treating childhood alopecia areata than hydrocortisone, 1%.
research The Effect of Oral Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata
Oral cyclosporine can help regrow hair in severe alopecia areata cases.
research Pulse Corticosteroid Therapy for Alopecia Areata in Children: A Retrospective Study
Careful patient selection is key for effective pulse corticosteroid treatment in children with alopecia areata.
research Autoimmune Disease Induction in a Healthy Human Organ: A Humanized Mouse Model of Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata can be triggered by specific immune cells without genetic or environmental factors.
research Alopecia Areata Update
Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition often starting before age 20, with varied treatment success and a need for personalized treatment plans.
research Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) May Award Relative Protection from Interferon-γ-Induced Collapse of Human Hair Follicle Immune Privilege
CGRP may help protect hair follicles from immune system attacks, potentially slowing hair loss.
research Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia: An Approach to Diagnosis and Management
Diagnose and manage CCCA with thorough history, exams, and labs; treat with anti-inflammatory agents, stress reduction, and stopping harmful hair practices.
research Narrowband Ultraviolet B Phototherapy for Alopecia Areata
Narrowband UVB phototherapy alone is not very effective for treating alopecia areata.
research Clinical Severity Does Not Reliably Predict Quality of Life in Women With Alopecia Areata, Telogen Effluvium, or Androgenic Alopecia
How bad a woman's hair loss is doesn't always match how it affects her happiness and daily life.
research Efficacy and Tolerability of Methotrexate in Severe Childhood Alopecia Areata
Methotrexate sometimes helps regrow hair in children with severe alopecia areata and is generally safe.
research Trichohyalin Is a Potential Major Autoantigen in Human Alopecia Areata
Trichohyalin may trigger the immune response causing alopecia areata.
research Bilateral Treatment for Alopecia Areata
Corticosteroids worked better than anthralin cream for hair regrowth.
research Genome-Wide Association Study in Alopecia Areata Implicates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity
Alopecia areata involves both innate and adaptive immunity, with specific genes linked to the disease.
research Experimental Evaluation of Ebastine, a Second-Generation Antihistamine, as a Supportive Medication for Alopecia Areata
Ebastine may help regrow hair in alopecia areata patients.
research Type 1 Interferon Signature in the Scalp Lesions of Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata shows a unique type 1 interferon signature, suggesting potential treatment by targeting this pathway.
Related Community Posts Join
6 / 1000+ results
community Is this normal? (losing hair on side of head)
The user is concerned about potential alopecia areata. They are seeking advice on whether this condition is normal.
community What hair loss pattern is this?
The user noticed small circular hairless spots after a buzz cut and has been using finasteride, dutasteride, and oral minoxidil for hair loss. They are experiencing continuous shedding and thinning, and it is suggested they consult a dermatologist for a scalp examination and possible biopsy to determine if it's alopecia areata or androgenetic alopecia.
community Alopecia Areata Question
A user with alopecia totalis, borderline universalis, seeks advice on getting into a Xeljanz trial or appealing insurance for coverage. They experienced significant hair regrowth but are now seeing hair loss again and want to try Xeljanz.
community 25M Exploring Causes of Hair Loss: TE, Alopecia, or AGA?
The user is experiencing hair loss with possible causes including chronic telogen effluvium, diffuse alopecia areata, and androgenic alopecia. They have tried treatments like Nizoral shampoo, minoxidil, and finasteride, and are considering a biopsy for further clarity.
community Androgenic alopecia exclusively on the vertex of the scalp
A user experienced androgenic alopecia starting at the vertex without frontal hairline recession and is seeking information on this pattern. Another user noted that vertex or diffuse hair loss is common among men.
community Hairloss all over body and head
A 25-year-old experiencing hair thinning all over the body and head, despite using minoxidil and having low vitamin D levels, is advised to seek a second opinion from a dermatologist specializing in hair loss. The likely diagnosis is diffuse alopecia areata, which may require treatment with a JAK inhibitor.