Deciphering the Cellular Landscape and Genetic Underpinnings of Fiber Diameter Determined by Dermal Papilla Cells in Fine-Wool Sheep

This study used single-cell RNA sequencing on skin tissues from six fine-wool sheep to explore the molecular mechanisms regulating hair follicle development and fiber diameter. A transcriptional atlas of the hair follicle microenvironment was constructed, identifying 14 distinct cell types and revealing that the ultra-fine wool group had a higher proportion of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), hair follicle stem cells, and outer root sheath cells. The study highlighted the role of DPCs in hair follicle growth, identifying three distinct states of DPCs and analyzing differentially expressed genes, such as CRABP1, which influences DPC proliferation. These findings provide insights into hair follicle biology and potential molecular targets for breeding ultra-fine wool sheep.