Valorization of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana L) Waste as Green Hair Dyeing Pigment: Effect of Mordant and Formula Optimization

This study investigates the use of mangosteen pericarp extract as a natural hair dye, focusing on achieving a reddish hue with the help of mordants like FeSO₄ under acidic conditions. The extract, rich in anthocyanins and tannins, produced the darkest reddish color at a 10% concentration on bleached hair, maintaining good color fastness after 30 wash cycles and sunlight exposure. Additionally, the dyed hair showed increased tensile strength, indicating improved hair integrity. The research suggests that mangosteen pericarp could serve as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic hair dyes, though further work is needed to enhance color fastness and explore scalability for commercial use.