Beyond Wound Closure: Translational Opportunities and Barriers of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles in Burn Management

This review discusses the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a cell-free therapy for burn management, focusing on their roles in inflammation regulation, angiogenesis, epithelial regeneration, and ECM remodeling. The authors propose a framework for translating these therapies into clinical practice, highlighting their advantages in addressing inflammation, regeneration, and fibrosis. However, challenges such as donor consistency, GMP compliance, standardization of quality attributes, and optimization of administration strategies need to be addressed. The review emphasizes the importance of establishing standardized production and quality-control systems and conducting multicenter randomized studies to facilitate the translation of MSC/EV therapies from research to clinical application.