The Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics Supplementation on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials

This umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials assessed the effects of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics supplementation on women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study found that probiotic supplementation significantly reduced insulin resistance and fasting glucose concentration, while synbiotic supplementation improved glycemic control, lipid profile, and hormonal parameters, though the evidence was of low to very low certainty. Prebiotics supplementation also showed reductions in waist/hip circumference, fasting glucose, lipid profile, and other PCOS-related outcomes, but with low certainty. Overall, while some beneficial effects were observed, the evidence was not strong, indicating a need for further well-designed trials to confirm these findings.