27 citations
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July 2008 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” The new compounds may be more effective and cheaper than current treatments for conditions like baldness.
27 citations
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January 2001 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Low-dose flutamide effectively maintains reduced hirsutism with no side effects.
6 citations
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January 2020 in “The Aging Male” Testosterone replacement therapy improved blood sugar and fat levels without raising prostate cancer risk in Japanese men with low testosterone.
11 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Hormonal treatments can change hair and skin in transgender people, but may not fully achieve desired results.
354 citations
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August 1991 in “Molecular Endocrinology” Human adrenals and gonads have a unique enzyme for steroid hormone production.
20 citations
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October 2017 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.
December 1990 in “PubMed” Hirsutism and androgenetic alopecia in women are often due to increased androgen effects, and antiandrogen treatment is recommended to prevent further issues.
22 citations
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January 2001 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Some new progesterone derivatives are better at blocking testosterone conversion than a common drug.
15 citations
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February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
2 citations
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September 2020 Long-term high testosterone levels can improve bone density and reduce body fat but may increase the risk of prostate cancer and high blood pressure.
115 citations
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March 2001 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Key enzymes control androgen levels, affecting hormone activity and potential treatments.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Many transgender men on testosterone therapy experience hair loss.
12 citations
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February 2020 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” More body hair in young Australian women is linked to higher androstenedione levels.
204 citations
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May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
1 citations
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September 1981 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats virilized women, especially under 35, despite some side effects.
September 2012 in “European journal of psychotraumatology” A new method accurately measures long-term hormone levels in hair.
2 citations
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April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.
July 2024 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” In post-menopausal women, signs of increased male hormones should be checked for possible ovarian cancer.
19 citations
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December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
21 citations
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October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone therapy helped 63% of androgen-deficient women grow scalp hair, but more research is needed.
14 citations
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February 2016 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Blood tests are needed to confirm high male hormone levels in women with PCOS, as physical signs alone are not reliable.
September 2024 in “Brazilian Journal of Case Reports” Clomiphene testing can help find ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women.
3 citations
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June 2018 in “Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry” Compounds 4, 4b, and 4c effectively inhibit an enzyme linked to testosterone conversion without significant toxicity.
14 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society /Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society” 31 citations
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October 1971 in “Steroids” Human beard hair follicles change testosterone into other related hormones, but don't much change androstenedione into testosterone.
August 2021 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride use is strongly linked to sexual dysfunction, especially in young men treating hair loss.
65 citations
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December 1986 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The woman had a genetic condition causing high cortisol and androgen levels, treatable with dexamethasone.
1 citations
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January 2016 in “Medicinski glasnik Specijalne bolnice za bolesti štitaste žlezde i bolesti metabolizma” Most 46XX CAH patients have female identity, but a few identify as male and may need treatment and surgery.
3 citations
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January 1992 in “Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology” Patients with the same vitamin D receptor mutation showed different symptoms due to other factors.
Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.