4 citations
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January 1989 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Women with hyperandrogenism have higher androgen levels and lower SHBG, which may contribute to conditions like excessive hair growth and early puberty.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
13 citations
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July 2008 in “Biomedical Chromatography” The methods accurately measured brain androgens, showing most 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol comes from outside the brain, while androsterone is both transported and made in the brain.
71 citations
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February 2000 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Estradiol stops hair growth in mice, but an antagonist can reverse this effect.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
2 citations
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April 2020 in “Clinical and experimental obstetrics & gynecology” Hair levels of estradiol and progesterone are higher in premenopausal than postmenopausal women, but the difference isn't statistically significant, indicating the need for a better measurement method.
2 citations
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January 2019 Hormonal contraceptives and therapies regulate organ functions and treat various conditions.
9 citations
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November 2014 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A 15-year-old girl with rare reproductive disorders received hormone therapy to develop secondary sexual traits, but infertility persisted.
19 citations
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March 2010 in “Steroids” Certain progesterone derivatives can inhibit enzymes and reduce androgenic activity, potentially affecting prostate growth.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Skin hormone levels change significantly after menopause.
35 citations
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July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” MPA improved hormonal imbalances and acne in women with PCOS without affecting metabolism.
September 2011 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” The birth control pill containing ethinylestradiol and chlormadinone may help treat acne and other skin and hair conditions related to hormones.
4 citations
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December 2021 in “Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine” Higher estrone-to-estradiol ratios are linked to worse glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
1 citations
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October 2020 Hair can reliably measure average estradiol levels over months in humans and monkeys.
164 citations
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January 2003 in “Drugs”
October 2024 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” The combination treatment didn't work better than minoxidil alone and caused more menstrual issues.
41 citations
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July 2001 in “PubMed” Estrogens can reduce DHT production in hair follicles, but are less effective than finasteride and progesterone.
February 2019 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair samples can reliably show average long-term hormone levels in young women.
March 2022 in “VNU Journal of Science Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences” A new method accurately measures nine steroid hormones in human serum with high sensitivity.
8 citations
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July 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” 17β-estradiol lowers polyamine oxidase levels in breast cancer cells through estrogen receptor 2.
2 citations
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September 1992 in “Steroids” New A-homo-B, 19-dinor steroids showed strong antiandrogenic activity without affecting the enzyme 5α-reductase or androgen receptor binding.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A postmenopausal woman's facial redness, acne, and excess hair were caused by too much hormone therapy for insomnia, but improved after stopping the treatment.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)” Hormonal contraceptives may reduce social behavior and sexual motivation by lowering allopregnanolone levels.
2 citations
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December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
26 citations
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March 1981 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Oestrogen does not affect adrenal androgen levels in children and adolescents.
110 citations
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August 2015 in “Neuropsychopharmacology” High-dose dutasteride reduces PMDD symptoms by stabilizing neurosteroid levels.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Anastrozole can cause increased testosterone, leading to symptoms like hair growth and thinning.
Oral contraceptives are generally recommended for healthy young girls, but specific types may vary based on individual health conditions and barrier methods are less popular among adolescents.
16 citations
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August 2014 in “International Journal of Women's Health” The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.