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Glossary3D Structures

represent objects with length, width, and depth in space

3D Structures, or Three-Dimensional Structures, refer to objects or models that have length, width, and depth, providing a realistic representation of their form in space. In the context of biology and hair, 3D structures can be used to visualize the intricate architecture of hair follicles, proteins, or other cellular components, aiding in the understanding of their function and interactions, which is crucial for research into conditions like alopecia.

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3D Printing of Skin Equivalents with Hair Follicle Structures and Epidermal-Papillary-Dermal Layers Using Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels

research 3D Printing of Skin Equivalents with Hair Follicle Structures and Epidermal‐Papillary‐Dermal Layers Using Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels

18 citations , July 2022 in “Chemistry - an Asian journal”

Scientists created a 3D printed skin that includes hair and layers similar to real skin using a special gel.

research Improvement of Mechanical Properties of 3D Bioprinted Structures through Cellular Overgrowth

October 2024 in “Applied Sciences”

Cell growth improved the strength of 3D bioprinted structures.

H3K9me3 Methyltransferase SETDB1 Controls Retrotransposon Silencing, DNA Methylation, Constitutive Heterochromatin Maintenance and 3D-Chromatin Structure in Epidermal Keratinocytes

research 766 H3K9me3 methyltransferase SETDB1 controls retrotransposon silencing, DNA methylation, constitutive heterochromatin maintenance and 3D-chromatin structure in epidermal keratinocytes

April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

SETDB1 is essential for controlling DNA methylation, silencing retrotransposons, and maintaining skin cell health, with its absence leading to skin inflammation and hair loss.

research Novel approaches to characterize age‐related remodelling of the dermal‐epidermal junction in 2D, 3D and in vivo

30 citations , August 2016 in “Skin research and technology”

3D imaging shows clearer details of skin structure changes with age.

research Corrigendum to ‘3D bioprinting of a gelatin-alginate hydrogel for tissue-engineered hair follicle regeneration’ [Acta Biomaterialia (2022)]

December 2022 in “Acta Biomaterialia”

Corrections were made to a previous work on 3D printing a gel-alginate mix for creating hair follicles, but the main finding - that this method can help grow hair - remains the same.

research 605 3D-SeboSkin model application in Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa

September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The 3D-SeboSkin model effectively simulates Hidradenitis suppurativa and is useful for future research.

research Open and Closed Structure

June 1967 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology”

The 3D hair follicle model improves understanding of hair growth and drug testing.

research Recent Tissue Engineering Approaches to Mimicking the Extracellular Matrix Structure for Skin Regeneration

9 citations , March 2023 in “Biomimetics”

New materials that better mimic natural skin structure could improve healing, especially for chronic wounds.

research [Effects of immune responses mediated by topological structures of three-dimensional bioprinted scaffolds on hair follicle cycle in mice].

January 2024 in “PubMed”

Moderate immune responses help hair growth, while excessive responses slow it down.

research Ex vivo SIM-AFM measurements reveal the spatial correlation of stiffness and molecular distributions in 3D living tissue

October 2024 in “Acta Biomaterialia”

Collagen makes skin stiff, and preservation methods greatly increase tissue stiffness.

research Organoid technology for tissue engineering

70 citations , April 2020 in “Journal of Molecular Cell Biology”

Organoid technology helps create mini-organs for studying diseases and testing drugs.

research Sebaceous gland organoid engineering

7 citations , January 2024 in “Burns & Trauma”

Sebaceous gland organoids could improve skin regeneration and treatment.

Functionalized Biomatrix for Wound Healing and Cutaneous Regeneration: Future Impactful Medical Products in Clinical Translation and Precision Medicine

research Functionalised-biomatrix for wound healing and cutaneous regeneration: future impactful medical products in clinical translation and precision medicine

2 citations , May 2023 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology”

The document concludes that more research is needed on making and understanding biomaterial scaffolds for wound healing.

research Nanomaterials in Hair Care and Treatment: Current Advances and Future Perspectives

1 citations , January 2021 in “SSRN Electronic Journal”

Nanomaterials can make hair care products work better and safer.

research The promising prospect of human hair follicle regeneration in the shadow of new tissue engineering strategies

February 2024 in “Tissue & Cell”

New tissue engineering strategies show promise for regenerating human hair follicles, which could improve hair loss treatments.

research 1412 “Telescope model” for coordinated organ morphogenesis and stem cell formation

April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Developing hair follicles form from ring-shaped patterns, with future stem cells originating from the outer ring, not the upper layers, as previously thought.

research Heparin-based sericin hydrogel–encapsulated basic fibroblast growth factor for in vitro and in vivo skin repair

22 citations , February 2023 in “Heliyon”

The hydrogel significantly speeds up wound healing and supports skin cell growth.

research Molecular modeling and structural characterization of a high glycine–tyrosine hair keratin associated protein

16 citations , January 2017 in “Physical chemistry chemical physics/PCCP. Physical chemistry chemical physics”

The 3D structure of a key hair protein was modeled, revealing specific helical structures and stabilization features.

research Microscopy‐guided laser ablation for the creation of complex skin models with folliculoid appendages

5 citations , October 2020 in “Bioengineering & translational medicine”

Researchers used a laser to create advanced skin models with hair-like structures.

research Deconvolving organogenesis in space and time via spatial transcriptomics in thick tissues

3 citations , September 2024

3DEEP reveals early hair follicle stem cell formation and niche establishment before hair bulb development.

Three-Dimensional Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells in HGC-Coated Environments Enhance Hair Regeneration and Artificial Skin Integration

research Three-Dimensional Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells in HGC-Coated Environments Enhance Hair Regeneration and Artificial Skin Integration

January 2024 in “Biomaterials Research”

3D-cultured cells in HGC-coated environments improve hair growth and skin integration.

research ISID0192 - Three-dimensional ultra-high frequency ultrasound facilitates image processing to visualize microstructural changes of hair follicles and detects distinct disease phases of alopecia areata

April 2023

3D-ultrasound can non-invasively detect and predict alopecia areata phases and outcomes.

research 192 Three-dimensional ultra-high frequency ultrasound facilitates image processing to visualize microstructural changes of hair follicles and detects distinct disease phases of alopecia areata

April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

3D ultrasound can detect hair follicle changes and disease phases in alopecia areata.

research Three‐dimensional imaging and analysis of the surface of hair fibres using scanning electron microscopy

14 citations , July 2007 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

The new 3D imaging method accurately measures hair surface details quickly.

Characterization of Interfollicular Stem Cells and Early TA Cells During the Transition From Infant to Child Skin

research 331 Characterisation of interfollicular stem cells and early TA cells during the transition from infant to child skin

October 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The study concludes that as skin matures from infancy to childhood, there are major changes in cell differentiation, stemness, and growth, leading to a stronger skin barrier in older children.

research Three-Dimensional Histological Structures of the Human Dermis

52 citations , March 2015 in “Tissue Engineering Part C Methods”

3D images of skin show collagen is evenly spread, but elastic fibers are fewer near hair follicles.

research Rescuing key native traits in cultured dermal papilla cells for human hair regeneration

30 citations , November 2020 in “Journal of Advanced Research”

Conditioned medium from keratinocytes can improve hair growth potential in cultured dermal papilla cells.

research In vitro models to study hair follicle generation

5 citations , November 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Scientists can now grow hair-like structures in a lab using special 3D culture systems, which could potentially help people with hair loss or severe burns.

research Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Targeting Androgenetic Alopecia: How Far Can We Go Beyond Minoxidil and Finasteride?

September 2025 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry”

Targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway may lead to better treatments for hair loss.

research Incorporation of hair follicles in 3D bioprinted models of human skin

46 citations , October 2023 in “Science Advances”

3D bioprinting can now create skin with hair-like structures for medical use.