16 citations
,
November 2018 in “Singapore Medical Journal” Primary care for PCOS focuses on lifestyle changes, medication based on symptoms, and mental health, with diabetes screening and specialist referral for severe cases.
8 citations
,
February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “Open Access Journal of Contraception” Low-dose ethinyl estradiol and LNG-IUD are safer contraception options for obese women with PCOS.
September 2025 in “Deleted Journal” Blocking androgen receptors boosts macrophages' ability to clear certain bacteria.
114 citations
,
January 2014 in “World Journal of Gastroenterology” People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.
September 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” African American women have a higher risk of preterm delivery than Caucasian women, and inflammatory stimuli affect gene expression in cells related to PCOS, showing a heightened inflammatory state in women with PCOS.
46 citations
,
September 2014 in “Steroids” Plant steroid hormones show growth, health, and medicinal benefits in various organisms, including potential for treating diseases.
16 citations
,
January 2023 in “Cureus” PCOS in teens causes hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, and can lead to infertility and other health issues.
103 citations
,
October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
2 citations
,
June 2025 in “Preprints.org” Targeting amphiregulin may improve treatment for fibrotic diseases and cancer.
1 citations
,
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.
March 2013 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Hormones significantly affect hair growth and loss, with potential for new treatments.
September 2002 in “Comprehensive Therapy” Primary care is key in managing PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes and medications like birth control and metformin.
222 citations
,
January 2014 in “International journal of reproductive medicine” Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.
March 2026 in “Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists” Many women with PCOS have hair loss, linked to age, hirsutism, sleep issues, and smoking.
10 citations
,
May 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Taking spironolactone doesn't increase the chance of breast cancer coming back.
21 citations
,
December 2007 in “Primary Care” Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS is crucial to reduce emotional distress and health risks.
4 citations
,
June 2025 in “MedComm” PROTACs show promise for cancer treatment, but designing them effectively is challenging.
53 citations
,
July 2014 in “American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone boosts red blood cell production and changes iron metabolism without needing dihydrotestosterone.
8 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Stereotactic body radiation therapy and radiosurgery are advanced, precise treatments that target tumors while protecting healthy tissue.
6 citations
,
October 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Prostaglandins and the enzyme AKR1C3 could play a role in skin cancer and hair loss, and further research is needed to understand these mechanisms.
November 2016 in “Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)” The VMH AMPK-SNS-BAT axis may help treat cachexia and obesity.
50 citations
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December 2006 in “Bone” Exemestane may protect bones by stimulating osteoblast growth through androgen-related pathways.
April 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The study has limitations, and future research should use better methods to improve treatment for children with hair loss.
May 2024 in “Journal of clinical medicine” Spironolactone is safe for treating female hair loss, but the safety of other drugs is uncertain.
May 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.
February 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Hair loss in Androgenetic Alopecia is caused by genetics, aging, and lifestyle, leading to hair follicle shrinkage and related health risks.
54 citations
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May 2015 in “Endocrinology” Manipulating 5α-reductase type 2 can affect liver fat production and glucocorticoid effects.
December 2025 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” New steroid compounds may help with hormonal therapy and have potential benefits for glucose disorders, but more research is needed.
29 citations
,
October 1988 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Antiandrogens are effective for conditions like prostate cancer and skin issues, but more research is needed to confirm their benefits and minimize side effects.