October 2007 in “Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews” Women with PCOS are much more likely to have sleep problems and should be checked for them.
February 2025 in “Cureus” Non-compliance with PCOS medication worsens symptoms and highlights the need for better patient support and education.
January 2020 in “Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” Removing the ovaries can help treat hair loss caused by high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.
63 citations
,
March 2011 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Evaluate postmenopausal women with high androgen levels using medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and imaging to manage health risks.
31 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.
2 citations
,
September 2004 in “Fertility and sterility” High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.
36 citations
,
May 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treatment with a hormone agonist can reduce excess male hormones in postmenopausal women without surgery.
27 citations
,
April 2017 in “European journal of endocrinology” The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.
8 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.
PCOS is a common hormonal disorder with symptoms like irregular periods and excess hair growth, managed with lifestyle changes and medications.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe hormone imbalance after menopause led to finding a rare ovarian tumor, treated by surgery.
45 citations
,
January 2006 in “Endocrine journal” To diagnose Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, two out of three signs—irregular periods, high male hormone levels, or cysts on the ovaries—are needed.
42 citations
,
September 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The research found that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has two distinct types, with one having more severe hormone and insulin issues.
7 citations
,
January 1992 in “Adolescent and pediatric gynecology” Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers can help prevent more severe adult PCOS.
6 citations
,
July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.
48 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cytokines and neuropeptides are key in controlling androgen levels, affecting skin and hair conditions.
61 citations
,
January 2017 in “Human Reproduction Open” The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.
99 citations
,
June 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help some postmenopausal women with symptoms like fatigue and low libido, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects.
23 citations
,
December 2004 in “Differentiation” Sex hormones affect hair and feather growth and may help manage alopecia and hormone-dependent cancers.
June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” After chemotherapy for a gestational trophoblastic tumor, normal pregnancy rates are possible, but there's a slightly higher risk of the tumor reoccurring in future pregnancies.
54 citations
,
April 2010 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.
51 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
60 citations
,
May 2011 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is linked to higher risk of hypertension and heart disease.
2 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Steroids & Hormonal Science” Women with PCOS and polycystic ovaries have higher male hormone levels and more insulin resistance, especially if they are overweight.
18 citations
,
April 2011 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Dihydrotestosterone causes p27 protein breakdown in ovarian and breast cancer cells by binding with SKP2.
August 2025 in “DS Reviews of Research in Life Sciences” Women with PCOS have higher levels of DHEA, IL-6, and TNF-α.
April 2026 in “AMEI's Current Trends in Diagnosis & Treatment” PCOS-related infertility is managed with lifestyle changes and medications.
May 2019 in “Paediatrics and child health” The document concludes that personalized treatment, including lifestyle changes and medication, is essential for managing PCOS in teenagers, while also addressing their psychological well-being.
69 citations
,
September 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS have fewer activated T cells in their ovarian follicles, which might affect fertility.
2 citations
,
July 2023 in “AACE Clinical Case Reports” Ovarian vein sampling can effectively locate ovarian tumors when imaging is unclear.