October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects metabolism differently based on treatment type.
February 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Spironolactone helps prevent swelling caused by minoxidil in women with hair loss.
3 citations
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October 1995 in “Southern Medical Journal” Finasteride may cause breast enlargement, low testosterone a risk factor.
49 citations
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March 2018 in “Toxicological sciences” Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.
92 citations
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February 2005 in “Endocrinology” Estrogen receptors affect hair growth, with ER beta slowing down the hair cycle changes caused by ER alpha.
12 citations
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January 1993 in “PubMed” 23 citations
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July 1979 in “Canadian journal of biochemistry” Spironolactone reduces the number of androgen receptor sites in rat skin by blocking them with its metabolite.
142 citations
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February 1985 in “Fertility and sterility” Spironolactone reduced hair thickness and some testosterone levels in women with excessive hair growth.
January 2025 in “American Journal of Translational Research” The combination therapy effectively treats infertility in PCOS without major side effects.
18 citations
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June 2021 in “Endocrinology” Anti-androgens might help reduce COVID-19 severity in men.
61 citations
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January 2008 in “Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Finasteride almost fully depletes allopregnanolone in rat brains and enhances 20α-DHP, but doesn't change 3α-DHP levels.
May 2024 in “Scientific African” Three natural compounds from Ghanaian plants may help treat BPH and alopecia.
33 citations
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October 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces hair growth and is safe for women with excessive hair.
18 citations
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March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
November 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Testosterone undecanoate caused hair loss; finasteride improved it but caused stomach issues for one patient.
2 citations
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March 2012 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The body's change of testosterone into DHT is not necessary for testosterone's muscle and sexual effects.
25 citations
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November 2013 in “PLoS ONE” Estrogen and androgen signals control synaptic changes in rat brains.
14 citations
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March 2017 in “Brain research” Progesterone and its byproducts control a specific receptor in the brain independently of progesterone receptors, affecting conditions related to the menstrual cycle.
22 citations
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May 2003 in “Planta Medica” Torilin from Torilis japonica can inhibit testosterone 5α-reductase but is less effective than finasteride.
October 2021 in “Research Society and Development” Herbal medicines can reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills.
Certain medications, especially 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, are commonly linked to erectile dysfunction.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Biochanin A from soy is a promising and safe candidate for treating hair loss.
22 citations
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October 2018 in “British Journal of Haematology” Women have a higher risk of blood clots from hormonal factors and need careful treatment, especially during pregnancy.
July 2015 in “Pharmacological Reports” Finasteride weakens the bone-protective effects of certain blockers in low androgen conditions.
June 2014 in “Pediatrics in review” Contraceptive agents help with menstrual issues, acne, and other health conditions in teens.
42 citations
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July 2012 in “PLOS ONE” Estrogen can temporarily slow down hair growth but this can be reversed.
9 citations
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October 2012 in “Frontiers of Hormone Research” Antiandrogens are the main treatment for hirsutism, with individualized care and safe, affordable options needed.
3 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human scalp hair growth are unclear and need more research.
November 2024 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The article's findings are uncertain and should be viewed with caution.
57 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.