10 citations
,
November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
6 citations
,
December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
52 citations
,
February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
42 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” Infrared and Raman imaging can non-destructively analyze hair structure and help diagnose hair conditions.
24 citations
,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
19 citations
,
May 2008 in “Applied spectroscopy” Human hair has different protein structures in its cuticle and cortex.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
May 2024 in “Ultramicroscopy” Atomic Force Microscopy is a more accurate way to assess hair damage and the effect of cosmetic treatments.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
5 citations
,
December 2020 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Treatments improved hair surface and scale structure but didn't increase certain bonds in the hair cortex.
30 citations
,
April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
18 citations
,
February 1992 in “Molecular Biology Reports” A specific type II hair keratin was identified and found in hair cortex and tongue cells.
3 citations
,
August 2018 in “Journal of Structural Biology” KAP8.1 protein is crucial for hair structure and interacts with keratin 85.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Ozonated water damages hair structure and proteins.
12 citations
,
February 1998 in “Gene” The B2 genes are crucial for hair growth in rats.
December 2025 in “Universal library of medical and health sciences.” Amino acids like arginine and cysteine protect hair during chemical treatments, keeping it strong and less brittle.
38 citations
,
October 2011 in “Analytical biochemistry” Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” UV radiation damages hair similar to bleaching, but double bleaching causes more severe protein degradation.
June 2017 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” Polymers help reduce damage and improve bleached hair when used during or after bleaching.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of biomedical optics” Melanin density affects hair color, and this method can help in cosmetic assessments and diagnosing hair diseases.
52 citations
,
August 1978 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Human hair's ability to get wet is complex and can change with treatments, damage, and environment.
30 citations
,
July 2000 in “PubMed” Hair has unevenly distributed proteins and lipids, with lipids mainly in the cuticle and proteins in the cortex and medulla.
18 citations
,
August 2014 in “Lipids” Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
2 citations
,
December 2023 in “Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks” Hair is a complex organ, and understanding its detailed structure and growth phases is crucial for analyzing substances within it.
2 citations
,
January 2000 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document explains how hair is studied in forensics to identify its source and its role in criminal investigations.
1 citations
,
October 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new keratin treatment can strengthen and protect aging hair.
November 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair absorbs moisture differently based on its structure and treatment, with changes occurring at 30% humidity.
October 2024 in “BMC Genomics” Understanding hair follicle development can help improve cashmere quality.
January 2014 in “한국미용학회지” UV-A radiation significantly damages semi-permanent dyed hair.