6 citations
,
December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
109 citations
,
June 2000 in “Development” Notch pathway activation causes abnormal hair layer development.
27 citations
,
February 1991 Cuticle damage doesn't affect hair's tensile strength; the cortex is responsible for it.
3 citations
,
March 2009 in “Hirosaki University Repository for Academic Resources (Hirosaki University)” Hirosaki hairless rats have sparse, twisted hair due to missing hair keratin genes.
15 citations
,
May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The cell membrane complex in mammalian hair has three distinct types with different structures and chemical properties.
12 citations
,
February 2019 in “Skin research and technology” White hair has less lipid content and absorbs water differently than brown hair.
12 citations
,
July 2015 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Curly hair breaks due to mechanical damage and environmental factors, not chemical makeup, and needs ongoing care to prevent breakage.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
52 citations
,
February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
42 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” Infrared and Raman imaging can non-destructively analyze hair structure and help diagnose hair conditions.
30 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Bleaching hair causes severe structural and chemical damage, including protein loss and oxidation.
15 citations
,
October 2004 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Holes in mature hair are likely caused by the removal of substances during hair care.
8 citations
,
January 2012 in “International journal of polymer analysis and characterization/IJPAC. International journal of polymer analysis and characterization/IJPAC. International journal of analysis and characterization” Hydrogenated palm oil repairs and conditions damaged hair by preventing swelling.
3 citations
,
August 1980 in “Acs Symposium Series” Hair increases in size when it absorbs water, and treatments like bleaching affect how much water it can take in.
24 citations
,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
18 citations
,
August 2014 in “Lipids” Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of biomedical optics” Melanin density affects hair color, and this method can help in cosmetic assessments and diagnosing hair diseases.
3 citations
,
January 1998 in “ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA” Hair keratins are mainly on macrofibrils in the cortex and in the endocuticle in the cuticle.
1 citations
,
January 2023 in “Indian Journal of Animal Research” A new method effectively stains hair samples for study without losing hair sections.
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” Two mouse mutants have defective hair cuticle cross-linking.
70 citations
,
February 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K39 and K40 are the last keratins expressed in hair development, completing the hair keratin catalog.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
42 citations
,
September 1985 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Trichothiodystrophy causes abnormal protein deposits and distortion in hair follicles.
31 citations
,
December 2002 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. G, General subjects/Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects (Online)” The research found two types of calcium in human hair, one that varies among individuals and another that is consistent across people.
30 citations
,
August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TGase 3 helps build hair structure by forming strong bonds between proteins.
30 citations
,
July 2000 in “PubMed” Hair has unevenly distributed proteins and lipids, with lipids mainly in the cuticle and proteins in the cortex and medulla.
24 citations
,
January 1969 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Hair malformations may occur due to timing issues in hair development.
23 citations
,
August 2019 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Pollution exposure speeds up hair damage.
20 citations
,
January 2003 in “Journal of oleo science” Chemical treatments and daily stresses damage hair, especially the cuticle layer.