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GlossaryCYP11A1

enzyme converting cholesterol to pregnenolone, initiating steroid hormone production

CYP11A1, also known as Cytochrome P450 Family 11 Subfamily A Member 1 or P450scc, is an enzyme crucial for the production of steroid hormones. It catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the first step in the biosynthesis of all steroid hormones, which are vital for various bodily functions including stress response, immune function, and regulation of inflammation.

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Intratumoral De Novo Steroid Synthesis Activates Androgen Receptor in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Is Upregulated by Treatment with CYP17A1 Inhibitors

research Intratumoral De Novo Steroid Synthesis Activates Androgen Receptor in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Is Upregulated by Treatment with CYP17A1 Inhibitors

402 citations , August 2011 in “Cancer research”

Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.

research The significance of CYP11A1 expression in skin physiology and pathology

91 citations , March 2021 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology”

CYP11A1 is crucial for skin health and disease by producing important steroids.

research Hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovarian syndrome and role of CYP gene variants: a review

49 citations , November 2019 in “Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics”

Certain gene variants may contribute to high androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

research Association of Cyp11a Gene with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients in Lahore, Pakistan

January 2025 in “Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences”

The Cyp11a1 gene variation has a weak link to PCOS, but higher di-hydro-testosterone levels are found in PCOS patients.

research Genetic screening of non-classic CAH females with hyperandrogenemia identifies a novel CYP11B1 gene mutation

April 2016 in “Hormones”

A new mutation in the CYP11B1 gene was found in a woman with mild hyperandrogenemia, a rare cause of non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

research Investigation of variants of the aromatase gene (CYP19A1) in female pattern hair loss

15 citations , June 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

No link found between aromatase gene and female hair loss.

CYP21A2 Genotypes Do Not Predict the Severity of Hyperandrogenic Manifestations in the Nonclassical Form of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

research CYP21A2 Genotypes do not Predict the Severity of Hyperandrogenic Manifestations in the Nonclassical Form of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

14 citations , January 2013 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research”

The severity of symptoms in nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia is not determined by CYP21A2 gene variations.

research The Associations of Androgen-Related Genes CYP21A2 and CYP19A1 with Severe Acne Vulgaris in Patients from Southwest China

10 citations , March 2021 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology”

Certain gene variants are linked to severe acne, especially in males.

research CYP21A2 Mutations in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

9 citations , February 2013 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research”

Mutations in the CYP21A2 gene are not a major factor in causing PCOS.

research Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the CYP19A1 Gene with Female Pattern Hair Loss in a Chinese Population

7 citations , January 2015 in “Dermatology”

Two gene variations, rs6493497 and rs7176005, may be linked to female hair loss in Chinese people.

research Effect of a Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Xenobiotic - Croton membranaceus Müll.Arg. Root Extract on CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and GSTM1 Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Rat Model

1 citations , August 2020

Croton membranaceus root extract can change how drugs are processed in the body.

research MitoQ upregulates CYP19A1 to protect dermal papilla cells from DHT-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in androgenetic alopecia

January 2026 in “Biochemical Pharmacology”

MitoQ helps protect hair cells from damage in hair loss by boosting a protective enzyme.

research Coconut oil works as a gonadal feedback testosterone booster and increases pituitary aromatase (cyp19a1b) expression levels in fugu (Takifugu rubripes)

October 2025 in “Aquaculture”

Coconut oil boosts testosterone but doesn't fully trigger reproductive maturity in pufferfish.

research Exploring the role of CYP19A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of female pattern hair loss

May 2025 in “Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venerology”

Certain gene changes and hormone levels are linked to female hair loss.

research MitoQ enhances CYP19A1 expression to stimulate WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway for promoting hair growth in androgenetic alopecia

November 2024 in “European Journal of Pharmacology”

MitoQ may help treat hair loss by boosting hair growth pathways.

research 8368 Functional Evaluation Of Novel CYP21A2 Variants: Expanding The Genetic Basis Of Non-classic CAH

October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

Certain genetic variants reduce enzyme activity, contributing to non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Functional Evaluation of Novel CYP21A2 Variants: Expanding the Genetic Basis of Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

research 9209 Functional Evaluation Of Novel CYP21A2 Variants: Expanding The Genetic Basis Of Non-classic CAH

October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

Certain genetic variants impair enzyme activity, contributing to non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

First Case of V281+I172N/V281L CYP21A2 Genotype Associated with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case Report from Southern Italy

research First case of V281+I172N/V281L CYP21A2 genotype associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia form. A case report from South Italy

October 2007 in “Clinical Biochemistry”

New genotype linked to non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia found in Italian siblings.

research The role of CYP19A1 and ESR2 gene polymorphisms in female androgenetic alopecia in the Polish population

October 2021 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii”

No significant link was found between the studied genes and female hair loss in the Polish population.

research Detection of mutations in the CYP21A2 gene: genotype-phenotype correlation in Slovenian couples with conceiving problems

1 citations , December 2015 in “Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics”

Genetic screening can help diagnose and manage infertility in Slovenian couples.

research Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia—Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management

157 citations , May 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews”

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

research Steroidogenesis of the testis – new genes and pathways

70 citations , April 2014 in “Annales d'endocrinologie”

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

research Steroidogenesis inhibitors alter but do not eliminate androgen synthesis mechanisms during progression to castration-resistance in LNCaP prostate xenografts

57 citations , April 2009 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

Steroidogenesis inhibitors change but don't stop androgen production in prostate cancer.

research In Search of New Therapeutics—Molecular Aspects of the PCOS Pathophysiology: Genetics, Hormones, Metabolism and Beyond

44 citations , September 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

New treatments are needed for PCOS that target its genetic, hormonal, and metabolic causes.

research Genetic Variants Associated with Hyperandrogenemia in PCOS Pathophysiology

29 citations , February 2018 in “Genetics research international”

Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.

Clinical-Exome Sequencing Unveils the Genetic Landscape of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Focusing on Lean and Obese Phenotypes: Implications for Cost-Effective Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment

research Clinical-exome sequencing unveils the genetic landscape of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) focusing on lean and obese phenotypes: implications for cost-effective diagnosis and personalized treatment

13 citations , October 2024 in “Scientific Reports”

Early diagnosis and personalized treatment for PCOS are crucial, especially for young women in West Bengal, India.

Endocrine Systems of the Skin: A 2019 Review

research Endocrine systems of the skin

9 citations , January 2019 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii”

The skin acts like an endocrine organ, making hormones that affect skin diseases and respond to stress.

research Acquired 11β-hydroxylase Deficiency by Inhaled Etomidate and its Analogues: A Mimic of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

2 citations , November 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports”

Inhaled substances in e-cigarettes can cause hormone imbalances similar to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

research A review of hyperandrogenism state in polycystic ovarian syndrome

November 2023 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology”

Polycystic ovary syndrome causes high male hormone levels, leading to symptoms like excess hair, acne, and fertility problems.

research Genetics and Epigenetics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

October 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks”

Genes and epigenetic changes are important in the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.