134 citations
,
July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
98 citations
,
December 2008 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.
67 citations
,
July 2016 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” Stress can worsen skin conditions by affecting hormone levels and immune response.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Stem cell activity influences autoimmune disease outcomes by affecting immune responses and tissue regeneration.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Androgenetic alopecia involves immune cell disruptions, especially increased CD4+ T cells around hair follicles.
49 citations
,
March 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Skin fat plays a key role in immune defense and healing beyond just storing energy.
45 citations
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April 2019 in “International Immunology” The study concluded that immune cells attacking hair follicles cause hair loss in alopecia, with genetics and environment also playing a role, and highlighted the potential of certain treatments.
January 2026 in “BioScience Trends” UV radiation causes skin aging by damaging cells and triggering harmful processes.
April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” HDAC inhibitors, like Vorinostat and Entinostat, can help regrow hair in alopecia areata.
60 citations
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September 2015 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.
150 citations
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August 1992 in “Genes & Development” TNF alpha in skin cells causes weight loss, hair and fat issues, and skin inflammation in mice.
50 citations
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January 2016 in “The FEBS journal” RANK is a key target in breast cancer treatment due to its role in tumor growth and bone metastasis.
January 2023 in “Åbo Akademi University Research Portal” Vimentin is crucial for wound healing, cell growth, and managing immune responses.
September 2025 in “Immunological Reviews” The skin can independently form immune responses through special structures, offering new ways to treat skin diseases.
39 citations
,
May 2014 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Special immune cells called Tregs can help prevent lung scarring by blocking a specific growth factor.
July 2025 in “Nano Research” Nanotechnology can improve tissue healing by controlling immune responses.
February 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair loss in male pattern baldness is linked to changes in specific genes and proteins that affect hair growth and scalp health.
9 citations
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April 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Unconventional lymphocytes are important for quick immune responses and healing of skin and mucosal barriers.
39 citations
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June 2023 in “Advanced Materials” Microneedles offer a promising, painless, and efficient way to deliver vaccines and therapies directly to the skin.
July 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Blocking CXCL12 can reverse hair loss and fibrosis in androgenetic alopecia.
3 citations
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July 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Stress may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata by affecting immune responses and cell death in hair follicles.
May 2025 in “Preprints.org” Unique microRNA patterns can help diagnose and treat severe alopecia areata.
56 citations
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November 2022 in “Biomolecules” Targeting macrophages may improve wound healing.
8 citations
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July 2025 in “Gels” Functionalized hydrogels can help heal tissues and fight infections by delivering beneficial bacteria and antimicrobials.
3 citations
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August 2024 Deep skin fibroblasts help recruit immune cells for better wound healing.
February 2026 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Stem cell therapies show promise for hair regrowth in alopecia areata but need more research for safety and effectiveness.
15 citations
,
February 2021 in “Frontiers in immunology” Leptin, a hormone from fat cells, affects immune responses and can influence skin diseases and hair growth.
2 citations
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May 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Ursolic acid may help develop new anti-inflammatory drugs by affecting immune cells.
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Atopic dermatitis and alopecia areata share immune and genetic factors, and targeted therapies may help both.
32 citations
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December 2018 in “Cytokine” Type I interferons play a key role in the development of various skin diseases.