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Glossaryencapsulation efficiency

percentage of substance successfully enclosed within a carrier system

Encapsulation efficiency refers to the percentage of a substance (like a drug or nutrient) that is successfully enclosed within a carrier system, such as a liposome or nanoparticle, compared to the total amount initially used. For example, if you start with 100 milligrams of a drug and 80 milligrams end up inside the carrier, the encapsulation efficiency is 80%. This measure is crucial in fields like pharmaceuticals and cosmetics to ensure effective delivery and controlled release of active ingredients.

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research Optimizing Efficacy: Hyaluronic Acid Liposomes Encapsulating Minoxidil for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery and Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia

July 2025 in “Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces”

A new method using hyaluronic acid liposomes improves Minoxidil's effectiveness and safety for hair growth treatment.

research From in-vitro to in-vivo: Corporate development and efficacy of a topical hair growth agent derived from natural extracts

2 citations , January 2009

A natural extract-based hair growth product was developed and showed promise in preliminary tests.

research Niosomes as Vesicular Nanocarriers in Cosmetics: Characterisation, Development and Efficacy

14 citations , February 2025 in “Pharmaceutics”

Niosomes improve delivery and effectiveness of cosmetic ingredients.

Development and Characterization of Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles With Finasteride and In Vivo Evaluation of Their Efficacy in Hair Growth

research Development and characterization of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles with finasteride and in vivo evaluation of their efficacy in hair growth

May 2024 in “Brazilian Journal of Hair Health”

Finasteride-loaded nanoparticles were successfully created for potential improved hair growth treatment.

research Preparation and Characterization of Liposome Containing Minoxidil and Rosemary Essential Oil

2 citations , January 2016 in “Journal of in silico & in vitro pharmacology”

Combining Minoxidil and Rosemary oil in liposomes improves Minoxidil's effectiveness and remains stable for 60 days.

research Recent Advances in the Structural Design of Photosensitive Agent Formulations Using “Soft” Colloidal Nanocarriers

54 citations , June 2020 in “Pharmaceutics”

New nanocarriers improve drug delivery for disease treatment.

Enhanced Skin Penetration of Lidocaine Through Encapsulation Into Nanoethosomes and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Comparative Study

research Enhanced skin penetration of lidocaine through encapsulation into nanoethosomes and nanostructured lipid carriers: a comparative study

15 citations , May 2016 in “Die Pharmazie”

Nanostructured lipid carriers deliver lidocaine to the skin better than nanoethosomes.

Encapsulation In Cyclodextrins Of Compounds With Activity Against Male Androgenetic Alopecia

research Encapsulación en ciclodextrinas de compuestos con actividad frente a la alopecia androgénica masculina.

January 2021 in “RIUCAM”

Encapsulating hair loss drugs in cyclodextrins improves their solubility and reduces scalp irritation.

research Characterization of the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo Efficacy of the Antimicrobial Peptide DPK-060 Used for Topical Treatment

78 citations , May 2019 in “Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology”

DPK-060 in poloxamer gel effectively treats skin infections, but nanocarriers don't enhance its efficacy.

research Comparison of the skin penetration of Garcinia mangostana extract in particulate and non-particulate form

19 citations , December 2013 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics”

Encapsulated Garcinia mangostana extract in cream penetrates skin better than other forms.

research ‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬Development and characterization of polymeric nanoparticle-based formulation of adapalene for topical acne therapy‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

42 citations , August 2016 in “Nanomedicine”

The new adapalene formulation using TyroSpheres is more effective and less irritating for acne treatment.

research Enhanced Skin Permeation and Controlled Release of β-Sitosterol Using Cubosomes Encrusted with Dissolving Microneedles for the Management of Alopecia

5 citations , April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals”

The new delivery system improved hair growth in alopecia treatment.

research Development of nanostructured lipid carriers containing finasteride

January 2020 in “Brazilian Journal of Health and Pharmacy”

Nanostructured lipid carriers can improve finasteride delivery for better hair loss treatment.

research Co-delivery of bioactive peptides by nanoliposomes for promotion of hair growth

4 citations , May 2022 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology”

Nanoliposomes effectively deliver hair-growth peptides into hair follicles.

Utilization of Nanotechnology and Experimental Design in Development and Optimization of Aloe Vera Gel Loaded with Finasteride-Garlic Oil-Nanotransfersomes

research Utilization of nanotechnology and experimental design in development and optimization of Aloe vera gel loaded with Finasteride‒Garlic Oil‒Nanotransfersomes

1 citations , January 2022 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology”

A gel made with finasteride, garlic oil, and Aloe vera using nanotechnology can potentially treat hair loss more effectively.

research Molecular Interactions and Release Mechanisms of Finasteride in β-CD and Trimethyl-β-CD Complexes: A Computational and Experimental Approach

October 2025 in “Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications”

TM-β-CD improves finasteride's solubility and delivery, while β-CD offers better long-term release.

research Aplicação da nanotecnologia no tratamento da alopecia

January 2023

Nanotechnology can improve alopecia treatments but faces stability challenges.

research Liposomes enhance the hair follicle delivery of minoxidil sulfate with improved treatment of androgenic alopecia

April 2025 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics”

Liposomes improve minoxidil delivery to hair follicles, enhancing treatment for hair loss.

research Tissue Engineering and Nanoparticle-Based Approaches for Hair Follicle Regeneration

April 2025 in “BioNanoScience”

New methods using biomaterials, stem cells, and nanoparticles show promise for improving hair growth and treating hair loss.

Formulation Development, Pharmacological Evaluation, and Characterization of Eclipta Alba Phytosomes

research Formulation Development, Pharmacological Evaluation, and Characterization of <i>Eclipta alba</i> Phytosomes

December 2024 in “International Journal of Newgen Research in Pharmacy & Healthcare”

Eclipta alba phytosomes improve bioavailability and therapeutic effects.

research Inverse micellar sugar glass (IMSG) nanoparticles for transfollicular vaccination

38 citations , March 2015 in “Journal of controlled release”

IMSG nanoparticles improve vaccine delivery and immune response through hair follicles.

research Topical delivery of meropenem via spanlastic carbopol gel: in-vitro studies and in-vivo application in pressure ulcers

September 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology”

The gel shows strong potential for effectively treating pressure ulcers.

research Unleashing the Potential of Spanlastics as Drug Delivery Carrier

April 2025 in “Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences”

Spanlastics can improve drug delivery by effectively penetrating biological membranes.

research Hybrid hair follicle stem cell extracellular vesicles co-delivering finasteride and gold nanoparticles for androgenetic alopecia treatment

August 2024 in “Journal of Controlled Release”

A new treatment using hybrid vesicles with gold nanoparticles and finasteride significantly improves hair regrowth for androgenetic alopecia.

research Subcutaneous injection of genetically engineered exosomes for androgenic alopecia treatment

May 2025 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology”

EX104 shows promise in treating hair loss by promoting hair growth and improving scalp health.

research In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Aging Effect of Coffee Berry Nanoliposomes

13 citations , September 2023 in “Molecules”

Liposomal coffee berry extract improves skin elasticity and reduces melanin better than regular extract.

Histological Evaluation of Follicular Delivery of Arginine via Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Novel Potential Approach for the Treatment of Alopecia

research Histological evaluation of follicular delivery of arginine via nanostructured lipid carriers: a novel potential approach for the treatment of alopecia

17 citations , October 2016 in “Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology”

Using tiny fat particles to deliver arginine to hair follicles could be a new way to treat hair loss.

research Noyes-Whitney Dissolution Model-Based pH-Sensitive Slow Release of Paclitaxel (Taxol) from Human Hair-Derived Keratin Microparticle Carriers

9 citations , January 2021 in “BioMed research international”

Human hair-derived particles can effectively carry and release the cancer drug Paclitaxel in a pH-sensitive manner, potentially targeting cancer cells while sparing healthy ones.

research Lung-Targeted Delivery of Cepharanthine by an Erythrocyte-Anchoring Strategy for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury

8 citations , August 2022 in “Pharmaceutics”

Erythrocyte-anchored nanoparticles improved Cepharanthine delivery and effectiveness for treating acute lung injury.

research Highly solubilized and skin-permeable finasteride formulation using HPCD-incorporated chitosan nanocapsules to promote hair regeneration

August 2025 in “Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry”

A new topical finasteride formulation effectively promotes hair growth with fewer side effects.