May 2010 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers is important for managing symptoms and preventing long-term health problems.
August 1996 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” The document concludes that PCOS in adolescents is complex and requires comprehensive care to manage its symptoms and associated health risks.
22 citations
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February 2010 in “The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice/Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice” The cause of atypical Cushing's syndrome in dogs, possibly linked to sex hormones, is not yet proven.
14 citations
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January 2018 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism” Many infertile women with PCOS in Central Vietnam have metabolic or insulin resistance syndrome, with obesity and older age increasing the risk.
2 citations
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January 2002 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Molecular diagnostics help identify genetic defects causing endocrine diseases, improving diagnosis and treatment options.
3 citations
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January 2012 in “Internal Medicine” A Rathke's cleft cyst caused hormonal imbalances and symptoms in a 68-year-old woman.
April 2020 in “BMC endocrine disorders” A woman with childhood growth hormone deficiency had multiple hormone deficiencies and developed serious lung and kidney problems later in life.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe insulin resistance improved with treatment, but she still had high testosterone levels due to ovarian issues.
December 2025 in “Editora Pasteur eBooks” A combined medical and aesthetic approach is crucial for effectively managing PCOS and its skin-related issues.
34 citations
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July 2006 in “Clinics in dermatology” Endocrine diseases in dogs often cause skin problems, with hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism being common and leading to hair loss and infections.
August 2025 in “Endokrynologia Polska” This case study describes a 61-year-old woman with virilization due to an extremely rare cause: ovarian metastasis from an insulinoma, a type of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET). The patient, diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1, exhibited advanced hyperandrogenism, including male facial hair and androgenetic alopecia. Elevated testosterone levels and imaging studies confirmed the presence of an ovarian tumor and a pancreatic lesion. Surgical intervention and subsequent treatment with everolimus normalized testosterone levels and controlled the metastatic foci. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the ovarian tumor as a metastasis of the insulinoma, highlighting the paracrine effects of peptide YY in androgen production.
June 2016 in “Journal of Coastal Life Medicine” The terrier dog with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism was successfully treated with mitotane.
February 2015 in “Oxford University Press eBooks” November 2025 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” A rare tumor caused unusual hormone production leading to Cushing syndrome.
215 citations
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January 2011 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.
91 citations
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December 2017 in “Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine” Lower SHBG levels may increase the risk of PCOS.
85 citations
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June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that hirsutism is the main sign for diagnosing hyperandrogenism, which requires a detailed patient history and physical exam.
73 citations
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June 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic ovarian shape is a genetic sign of PCOS and its hormonal and metabolic features can be inherited.
56 citations
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July 2008 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin and rosiglitazone improve blood vessel function in women with PCOS, with metformin also reducing insulin resistance and testosterone levels.
54 citations
,
November 2017 in “Scientific Reports” The study found that certain microRNAs are higher in the cells and lower in the fluid of women with a specific type of polycystic ovary syndrome, and one microRNA could potentially help diagnose the condition.
48 citations
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January 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” There's no significant link between the D19S884 marker at the insulin receptor gene and polycystic ovary syndrome.
47 citations
,
August 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The research suggests that the global distribution of PCOS is likely due to historical human migration and that genes affecting PCOS may have different impacts on males and females.
45 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences” Women with PCOS are more likely to have fatty liver disease, especially if they have metabolic problems.
45 citations
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February 2012 Obese women with PCOS are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
40 citations
,
April 2008 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin and rosiglitazone both improved insulin use and hormonal symptoms in women with PCOS.
39 citations
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January 2012 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” About 8.5% of women in Salvador, Brazil, have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
39 citations
,
May 2011 in “European Journal of Clinical Investigation” Hirsutism can be caused by various conditions besides PCOS, and it's important to treat the underlying issue and manage symptoms with medication and cosmetic approaches.
30 citations
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November 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” Young women with PCOS have a higher risk of high blood pressure and metabolic syndrome, but these risks may decrease after age 40.
30 citations
,
April 2014 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is hard because its symptoms often look like normal puberty, and there's a need for better diagnosis methods and agreement on criteria.
28 citations
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April 2014 in “Hormones” Higher androstenedione levels in women with PCOS are linked to more severe symptoms.