120 citations
,
October 2007 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.
93 citations
,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
34 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of Natural Medicines” Puerariae Flos extract may help treat hair loss by blocking a hair loss-related enzyme and promoting hair growth.
14 citations
,
December 2010 in “Seminars in Oncology” Rare adrenal cancers that secrete androgens or estrogens have a poor prognosis and are treated primarily with surgery.
December 2014 in “Bali Medical Journal” Females have higher estrogen receptor levels in hair than males, and these levels decrease in white hair compared to black hair.
25 citations
,
April 1949 in “The journal of experimental zoology” Testosterone applied to rabbit skin increases skin cell growth and changes skin structure.
137 citations
,
June 2005 in “Climacteric” Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.
187 citations
,
December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
19 citations
,
March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
130 citations
,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
113 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.
70 citations
,
July 2005 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology” Ganoderma lucidum, a type of mushroom, may help treat enlarged prostate by blocking testosterone conversion.
67 citations
,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.
23 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” All treatments reduce hair growth; low dose flutamide most effective with fewer side effects.
22 citations
,
January 2004 in “Dermatology” Topical estrogen helps hair growth in menopausal women with no major side effects.
13 citations
,
December 2012 in “Frontiers in bioscience” Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.
12 citations
,
August 2017 in “Pharmaceutical medicine” Most doctors know the thrombosis risk with Cyproterone/Ethinylestradiol, but some lack details on less common risks and patient instructions; educational materials are underused but useful.
12 citations
,
June 2013 in “The Prostate” Dutasteride and finasteride affect different cell types differently.
10 citations
,
April 2019 in “Environmental Science and Pollution Research” Eating selenium-rich rice improved antioxidant activity and signs of aging in mice.
9 citations
,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
6 citations
,
January 2010 in “Neoplasma” Certain gene patterns in breast cancer are linked to how active hormone receptors are and could affect patient survival.
4 citations
,
March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
September 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Moderate exercise improves skin health, but intense exercise without protection can harm it.
January 2025 in “Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)” Maslinic acid from olive extracts promotes hair growth like minoxidil.
March 2024 in “Biomedical reports” Isoflavone may help manage PCOS symptoms, but its effectiveness is uncertain.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” PCOS may be influenced by factors in the blood, not just the ovaries.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” The new method showed that endometriotic tissue has lower estrogen receptor levels but similar progesterone levels compared to normal endometrium, with both following a similar cycle.
January 2019 in “ISGE series” Estrogen helps prevent artery plaque by stopping monocyte capture in blood vessels.