10 citations
,
January 2015 in “Przeglad Menopauzalny” Progestogens are essential in menopausal hormone therapy to prevent uterine cancer and must be chosen carefully based on individual needs.
44 citations
,
December 2005 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Combining 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors may better reduce estrogen levels.
24 citations
,
October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” Testosterone protects female heart cells from stress by activating estrogen receptors.
38 citations
,
May 1971 in “Clinical genetics” A specific metabolite, not a receptor protein, triggers the production of certain kidney enzymes, but this process is disrupted in mice with a mutation causing testicular feminization.
1 citations
,
September 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” PCOS women have more severe metabolic issues and higher androgen levels than hyperandrogenic women without PCOS.
8 citations
,
January 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Topical estrogen treatments did not change hair growth in certain mouse strains, questioning previous findings on their role in hair growth control.
1 citations
,
January 2000 in “PubMed” The treatment slightly increased hair growth and was safe for most women.
1 citations
,
March 2025 in “Medical Molecular Morphology” Androgens affect the function and health of the endometrium.
7 citations
,
October 1974 in “PubMed” Topical estrogens improved hair growth in about half of the patients.
1 citations
,
August 2023 in “Case Reports in Women s Health” Leydig cell hyperplasia can cause virilization in postmenopausal women and is treatable with surgery.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe insulin resistance improved with treatment, but she still had high testosterone levels due to ovarian issues.
5 citations
,
January 2017 in “Acta Endocrinologica” High androgen levels in postmenopausal women may suggest an ovarian tumor, and removing it can improve heart and metabolic health.
49 citations
,
October 1988 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women at higher doses.
57 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
A woman's excess male hormone symptoms were caused by a rare benign tumor in her ovary.
April 2016 in “The FASEB Journal” Blocking androgen receptors early in life increases estrogen levels and reduces sexual motivation in male rats.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Tohoku journal of experimental medicine” A woman's mature cystic teratoma caused her virilization by producing testosterone.
24 citations
,
March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
December 2022 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Six months of treatment improved PCOS symptoms and reduced AMH levels.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Surgical removal of a rare ovarian tumor improved symptoms and hormone levels in a postmenopausal woman.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Sexual and Relationship Therapy” The document concludes that hormone therapy is essential for treating gender dysphoria, with specific drugs and monitoring protocols recommended for safety and effectiveness.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
October 2016 in “Journal of Case Reports” A rare ovarian tumor can occur without causing male-like symptoms.
36 citations
,
October 2016 in “Bone” A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.
July 2023 in “Journal of Education, Health and Sport” Most women lack knowledge about androgens and their excess symptoms.
7 citations
,
March 2011 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” Exemestane is effective and safe for treating certain breast cancers, with mild side effects, but needs more research on long-term effects.
March 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Surgery removed ovarian tumors, normalizing testosterone and improving symptoms.
Estrogen and its receptors play a key role in hair growth, with differences between males and females.
November 2023 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone replacement therapy may improve hair growth in the frontal hairline of postmenopausal women with hair loss.